Elevated unanticipated acoustic startle reactivity in dyslexia

IF 1.9 3区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Dyslexia Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI:10.1002/dys.1779
Eleanor R. Palser, Christina R. Veziris, Nathaniel A. Morris, Ashlin R. K. Roy, Christa Watson-Pereira, Sarah R. Holley, Bruce L. Miller, Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini, Virginia E. Sturm
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Abstract

People with dyslexia, a neurodevelopmental disorder of reading, are highly attuned to the emotional world. Compared with their typically developing peers, children with dyslexia exhibit greater autonomic nervous system reactivity and facial behaviour to emotion- and empathy-inducing film clips. Affective symptoms, such as anxiety, are also more common in children with dyslexia than in those without. Here, we investigated whether the startle response, an automatic reaction that lies at the interface of emotion and reflex, is elevated in dyslexia. We measured facial behaviour, electrodermal reactivity (a sympathetic nervous system measure) and emotional experience in response to a 100 ms, 105 dB unanticipated acoustic startle task in 30 children with dyslexia and 20 comparison children without dyslexia (aged 7–13) who were matched on age, sex and nonverbal reasoning. Our results indicated that the children with dyslexia had greater total facial behaviour and electrodermal reactivity to the acoustic startle task than the children without dyslexia. Across the sample, greater electrodermal reactivity during the startle predicted greater parent-reported anxiety symptoms. These findings contribute to an emerging picture of heightened emotional reactivity in dyslexia and suggest accentuated sympathetic nervous system reactivity may contribute to the elevated anxiety that is often seen in this population.

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阅读障碍患者的非预期声惊吓反应性升高。
阅读障碍是一种神经发育性阅读障碍,患有阅读障碍的人对情感世界高度敏感。与发育正常的同龄人相比,有阅读障碍的儿童在观看诱发情感和共鸣的电影片段时,会表现出更大的自律神经系统反应和面部行为。有阅读障碍的儿童比无阅读障碍的儿童更容易出现焦虑等情绪症状。在此,我们研究了诵读困难儿童的惊跳反应是否会升高,惊跳反应是一种处于情绪和反射交界处的自动反应。我们测量了 30 名阅读障碍儿童和 20 名无阅读障碍儿童(年龄在 7-13 岁之间)在 100 毫秒、105 分贝非预期声音惊吓任务下的面部行为、电皮反应性(一种交感神经系统测量方法)和情绪体验,这些儿童的年龄、性别和非语言推理能力均匹配。我们的研究结果表明,与没有阅读障碍的儿童相比,有阅读障碍的儿童在声学惊吓任务中的总面部行为和皮电反应性更强。在所有样本中,惊吓时皮肤电反应性越大,家长报告的焦虑症状就越严重。这些研究结果表明,阅读障碍儿童的情绪反应性增高,这可能是导致该人群焦虑情绪升高的原因之一。
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来源期刊
Dyslexia
Dyslexia Multiple-
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
9.10%
发文量
27
期刊介绍: DYSLEXIA provides reviews and reports of research, assessment and intervention practice. In many fields of enquiry theoretical advances often occur in response to practical needs; and a central aim of the journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners in the field of dyslexia, so that each can learn from the other. Interesting developments, both theoretical and practical, are being reported in many different countries: DYSLEXIA is a forum in which a knowledge of these developments can be shared by readers in all parts of the world. The scope of the journal includes relevant aspects of Cognitive, Educational, Developmental and Clinical Psychology Child and Adult Special Education and Remedial Education Therapy and Counselling Neuroscience, Psychiatry and General Medicine The scope of the journal includes relevant aspects of: - Cognitive, Educational, Developmental and Clinical Psychology - Child and Adult Special Education and Remedial Education - Therapy and Counselling - Neuroscience, Psychiatry and General Medicine
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