Protocol of a drug–drug interaction study between bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide and feminizing hormones in trans women living with HIV

Abstract

Aims

Trans/transfeminine women are disproportionally affected by HIV. Concerns regarding negative drug–drug interactions (DDIs) between ART drugs and gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT), specifically feminizing hormone therapy (FHT), may contribute to the lower ART uptake by trans women with HIV compared with their cis counterparts. The aim of this study is to investigate the bidirectional pharmacokinetic effects of components of FHT regimens (oral oestradiol and androgen-suppressing medications) with the ART regimen (bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide [B/F/TAF)].

Methods

We present a protocol for a three-armed, parallel-group, longitudinal (6-month), DDI study. Group 1 includes 15 3trans women with HIV taking FHT and ART; group 2 includes 15 premenopausal cis women with HIV taking ART; group 3 includes 15 trans women without HIV taking FHT. Women with HIV must be on or switch to B/F/TAF at baseline and be virally suppressed for ≥3 months. Trans women must be taking a stable regimen of ≥2 mg daily oral oestradiol and an anti-androgen (pharmaceutical, and/or surgical, and/or medical) for ≥3 months. Plasma ART drug concentrations will be sampled at Month 2 and compared between groups 1 and 2. Serum oestradiol concentrations will be sampled at baseline and Month 2 visits and compared between groups 1 and 3. The primary outcomes are B/F/TAF pharmacokinetic parameters (C_min, C_max and AUC) and oestradiol concentrations (C_min, C_4h, C_max and AUC) at month 2.

Discussion

This study is of global importance as it provides critical information regarding safe coadministration of B/F/TAF and FHT, both of which are life-saving therapies for trans women with HIV.