[Temporal analysis of the prevalence of congenital hypospadias in the municipality of Gela].

IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Epidemiologia & Prevenzione Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI:10.19191/EP24.3.A678.056
Elisa Eleonora Tavormina, Fabrizio Bianchi, Gaspare Drago, Silvia Ruggieri, Antonella Usticano, Achille Cernigliaro, Salvatore Scondotto, Sebastiano Pollina Addario, Ilaria Cosentini, Fabio Cibella
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Abstract

Objectives: to evaluate the risk profile of hypospadias in Gela, an Italian National Priority Contaminated Site (NPCS) located in Sicily Region (Southern Italy), characterized by a significant excess of hypospadias in newborn residents compared to data from reference on regional, national, and international basis and, until 2014, by the presence of a petrochemical plant.

Design: geographical analyses were conducted by comparing the prevalence of the Gela municipality to prevalence found in Sicily, in a territorial area bordering Gela (ALG), and in the NPCSs of Milazzo and Priolo. The geographical comparisons were conducted for the period 2010-2020, the trend within the Gela NPCS was evaluated by comparing two subperiods (2010-2014 and 2015-2020).

Setting and participants: children up to 1 year of age with hypospadias resident in the municipality of Gela in the period 2010-2020.

Main outcomes measures: crude odds ratios (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were used to compare the prevalence observed in Gela and that detected in the comparison areas.

Results: excess risk for hypospadias was highlighted in 2010-2020 in Gela vs Sicily (OR 4.45; 95%CI 3.45-5.75), vs ALG (OR 4.29; 95%CI 3.02-6.10), and vs the NPCSs of Milazzo (OR 2.32; 95%CI 1.32-4.07) and Priolo (OR 2.37; 95%CI 1.55-3.62). The between-period comparisons in Gela did not show an important difference between 2010-2014 and 2015-2020 (OR 1.37; 95%CI 0.83-2.24), with a prevalence of 98.9 and 72.4 per 10,000, respectively.

Conclusions: the prevalence of hypospadias in 2015-2020 remains very high, although decreasing when compared to 2010-2014 period. The Gela data, despite the refinery being closed after 2014, suggest a complex situation in which multiple risk factors may play a role.

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[杰拉市先天性尿道下裂发病率的时间分析]。
目的:评估杰拉尿道下裂的风险概况。杰拉是意大利国家重点污染区(NPCS),位于西西里大区(意大利南部),与地区、国家和国际参考数据相比,杰拉的新生儿尿道下裂发病率明显偏高,而且直到 2014 年,杰拉还存在一家石油化工厂。设计:通过将杰拉市的发病率与西西里岛、与杰拉接壤的地区(ALG)以及米拉佐和普里奥洛的全国儿童疾病预防控制中心的发病率进行比较,从而进行地域分析。地域比较在 2010-2020 年间进行,通过比较两个子时期(2010-2014 年和 2015-2020 年)来评估杰拉全国人口普查系统内的趋势。主要结果测量指标:使用粗略的几率比(OR)和各自的 95% 置信区间(95%CI)来比较在 Gela 观察到的发病率和在对比地区检测到的发病率。结果:2010-2020 年期间,杰拉与西西里岛(OR 4.45;95%CI 3.45-5.75)、ALG(OR 4.29;95%CI 3.02-6.10)以及米拉佐(OR 2.32;95%CI 1.32-4.07)和普里奥洛(OR 2.37;95%CI 1.55-3.62)的尿道下裂超常风险比较突出。结论:2015-2020 年尿道下裂的发病率仍然很高,尽管与 2010-2014 年期间相比有所下降。尽管炼油厂在 2014 年后关闭,但 Gela 的数据表明情况很复杂,多种风险因素可能在其中发挥作用。
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来源期刊
Epidemiologia & Prevenzione
Epidemiologia & Prevenzione 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
14.30%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Epidemiologia & Prevenzione, oggi organo della Associazione italiana di epidemiologia, raccoglie buona parte delle migliori e originali esperienze italiane di ricerca epidemiologica e di studio degli interventi per la prevenzione e la sanità pubblica. La rivista – indicizzata su Medline e dotata di Impact Factor – è un canale importante anche per la segnalazione al pubblico internazionale di contributi che altrimenti circolerebbero soltanto in Italia. E&P in questi decenni ha svolto una funzione di riferimento per la sanità pubblica ma anche per i cittadini e le loro diverse forme di aggregazione. Il principio che l’ha ispirata era, e rimane, che l’epidemiologia ha senso se è funzionale alla prevenzione e alla sanità pubblica e che la prevenzione ha ben poche possibilità di realizzarsi se non si fonda su valide basi scientifiche e se non c’è la partecipazione di tutti i soggetti interessati. Modalità di comunicazione aggiornate, metodologia statistica ed epidemiologica rigorosa, validità degli studi e solidità delle interpretazioni dei risultati sono la solida matrice su cui E&P è costruita. A questa si accompagna una forte responsabilità etica verso la salute pubblica, che oggi ha ampliato in forma irreversibile il suo orizzonte, e include in forma sempre più consapevole non solo gli esseri umani, ma l’intero pianeta e le modificazioni che l’uomo apporta all’universo in cui vive. L’ambizione è che l’offerta di nuovi strumenti di comunicazione, informazione e formazione, soprattutto attraverso l''uso di internet, renda la rivista non solo un tradizionale veicolo di contenuti e analisi scientifiche, ma anche un potente strumento a disposizione di una comunità di interessi e di valori che ha a cuore la salute pubblica.
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