Phytoplankton distribution pattern and its implication for the establishment of land-based ballast water treatment technology and test facility in tropical waters
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the phytoplankton distribution in tropical waters and its implication for establishing land-based ballast water treatment technology and test facility (BWTT-TF) as per the International Maritime Organization (IMO) guidelines. Samples were collected from the Swarnamukhi estuary (SE) and coastal locations on the east and west coast of India. The maximum phytoplankton density in the size group of ≥10 and < 50 μm was recorded as 3002 cells/mL in estuarine waters and 172 cells/mL in coastal waters. Among the phytoplankton, Bacillariophyta and Pyrrophyta were observed at all locations, whereas Ochrophyta and Chlorophyta were found only at specific locations or during specific periods. According to IMO guidelines, the minimum required number of species (5) was observed at all the locations, but the minimum number of phyla (3) was not found at some locations. The IMO minimum required phytoplankton density (>1000 cells/mL) was observed only during the bloom period, whereas it was about 5–50 times lower during other periods. Taxonomic distinctness indices were used to examine the diversity beyond the conventional species count. The study found that the Buckingham Canal and Swarnamuki River upstream among the SE locations, and coastal stations of Pamanji and Tirunelveli among the coastal locations, are suitable sites to establish land-based BWTT-TF. Since the results indicate that achieving the IMO specified size group of ≥10 and < 50 μm density in tropical waters was possible only during the bloom period, culturing phytoplankton surrogates and concentrating naturally available phytoplankton are recommended as alternate methods for establishing land-based ballast water treatment technology and test facilities.
期刊介绍:
Continental Shelf Research publishes articles dealing with the biological, chemical, geological and physical oceanography of the shallow marine environment, from coastal and estuarine waters out to the shelf break. The continental shelf is a critical environment within the land-ocean continuum, and many processes, functions and problems in the continental shelf are driven by terrestrial inputs transported through the rivers and estuaries to the coastal and continental shelf areas. Manuscripts that deal with these topics must make a clear link to the continental shelf. Examples of research areas include:
Physical sedimentology and geomorphology
Geochemistry of the coastal ocean (inorganic and organic)
Marine environment and anthropogenic effects
Interaction of physical dynamics with natural and manmade shoreline features
Benthic, phytoplankton and zooplankton ecology
Coastal water and sediment quality, and ecosystem health
Benthic-pelagic coupling (physical and biogeochemical)
Interactions between physical dynamics (waves, currents, mixing, etc.) and biogeochemical cycles
Estuarine, coastal and shelf sea modelling and process studies.