Horizontal and Vertical Distribution of Clarireedia spp. in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Creeping Bentgrass Cultivars.

IF 4.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Plant disease Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI:10.1094/PDIS-08-23-1570-RE
Glen Groben, Brian Schaefer, Bruce B Clarke, James A Murphy, Patrick Purdon, Paul Koch, Ning Zhang
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Abstract

Dollar spot is an important disease of both cool- and warm-season turfgrasses caused by six fungal species in the genus Clarireedia, yet the ecology and epidemiology of these pathogens remains poorly understood. The goal of this study was to determine the distribution of Clarireedia in asymptomatic and symptomatic creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) in the field using a previously developed quantitative PCR assay. To determine the horizontal distribution of the pathogen, the abundance of Clarireedia spp. was measured in leaf and crown tissue from 90, 1-cm-diameter cores spaced 10 cm apart in May 2019 and 2020 (asymptomatic tissue) and August 2019 and July 2020 (symptomatic tissue). Thirty-seven to 69% of cores sampled from asymptomatic turfgrass and 77 to 95% of cores taken from symptomatic turfgrass yielded positive detections for Clarireedia. Spatial analysis indicated that Clarireedia was randomly distributed in the field in both asymptomatic and symptomatic turfgrass. To assess the vertical distribution of the pathogen, the abundance of Clarireedia was measured in the foliar, crown, and thatch layers of 39, 1-cm-diameter × 2.5-cm-deep cores of creeping bentgrass maintained at fairway height (9.5 mm) during 2019 and 2020. Clarireedia was most abundant in foliar tissue, followed by crown tissue and thatch (lowest abundance) throughout the 2-year study. Both studies provide evidence that Clarireedia is widely distributed in turfgrass swards prior to symptom development and can persist within turfgrass as an endophyte. These findings will improve our understanding of Clarireedia epidemiology and may lead to more sustainable dollar spot management.

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无症状和有症状的匍匐翦股颖中 Clarireedia 菌属的水平和垂直分布。
美元斑是冷季型和暖季型草坪草的一种重要病害,由 Clarireedia 属的六种真菌引起,但人们对这些病原体的生态学和流行病学仍然知之甚少。本研究的目的是利用之前开发的 qPCR 检测方法确定无症状和有症状的匍匐翦股颖(Agrostis stolonifera)中 Clarireedia 的分布情况。为了确定病原体的水平分布,我们在 2019 年 5 月和 2020 年 5 月(无症状组织)以及 2019 年 8 月和 2020 年 7 月(有症状组织)测量了 90 个直径为 1 厘米、间距为 10 厘米的岩心的叶片和树冠组织中 Clarireedia 菌属的丰度。从无症状草坪取样的 37% 至 69% 的草芯和从有症状草坪取样的 77% 至 95% 的草芯中都检测到了 Clarireedia。空间分析表明,Clarireedia 在无症状草坪和有症状草坪的田间随机分布。为了评估病原体的垂直分布,在 2019 年和 2020 年期间,对 39 个直径为 1 厘米 x 2.5 厘米深的匍匐翦股颖草芯进行了测量,结果显示在球道高度(9.5 毫米)的叶面、冠幅和茅草层中都有大量的 Clarireedia。在为期两年的研究中,Clarireedia 在叶片组织中含量最高,其次是树冠组织和茅草(含量最低)。这两项研究都证明,Clarireedia 在出现症状之前就广泛分布于草坪草中,并能作为内生菌在草坪草中持续存在。这些发现将提高我们对 Clarireedia 流行病学的认识,并可能带来更可持续的美元斑管理。
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来源期刊
Plant disease
Plant disease 农林科学-植物科学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
13.30%
发文量
1993
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Plant Disease is the leading international journal for rapid reporting of research on new, emerging, and established plant diseases. The journal publishes papers that describe basic and applied research focusing on practical aspects of disease diagnosis, development, and management.
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