Report on the effects of the May 2024 Mother's day geomagnetic storm observed from Chile

IF 1.8 4区地球科学 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI:10.1016/j.jastp.2024.106304

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Abstract

This study investigates the extreme geomagnetic storm of May 10–15, 2024, utilizing data from the SER ground-based station in Chile and the DSCOVR satellite. The methodology involves calculating the horizontal magnetic field (H), filtering geomagnetic data using a Butterworth filter, and conducting cross-correlation analysis between solar wind parameters and Pc5 pulsations. The storm, starting with a sudden storm commencement triggered by a coronal mass ejection around 18:00 UT on May 10, exhibited a main phase lasting about 8 h, followed by a recovery phase starting on May 11. The extreme storm exhibited abrupt fluctuations in the interplanetary magnetic field data and solar wind parameters, inducing a depression in the geomagnetic field H-component reaching ΔH ∼ −551 nT at the SER station. Throughout the storm, solar wind parameters such as density, speed, and temperature exhibited varied ranges, with significant changes observed in all storm phases. Notably, during the initial and main phases, cross-correlation analysis unveiled robust associations between Pc5 pulsations and solar wind parameters such as density and speed, with maximum R values reaching 0.98 for both phases.

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关于从智利观测到的 2024 年 5 月母亲节地磁暴影响的报告

本研究利用来自智利 SER 地面站和 DSCOVR 卫星的数据，对 2024 年 5 月 10-15 日的极端地磁暴进行了调查。研究方法包括计算水平磁场（H），使用巴特沃斯滤波器过滤地磁数据，以及对太阳风参数和 Pc5 脉动进行交叉相关分析。这场风暴是在世界标准时间 5 月 10 日 18:00 左右由日冕物质抛射引发的突然风暴开始的，其主要阶段持续了约 8 小时，随后从 5 月 11 日开始进入恢复阶段。在极端风暴中，行星际磁场数据和太阳风参数突然波动，导致 SER 站的地磁场 H 分量ΔH ∼ -551 nT 下降。在整个风暴期间，密度、速度和温度等太阳风参数的变化范围各不相同，在风暴的各个阶段都观测到了显著的变化。值得注意的是，在初始阶段和主要阶段，交叉相关分析揭示了 Pc5 脉动与密度和速度等太阳风参数之间的紧密联系，两个阶段的最大 R 值均达到 0.98。

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来源期刊

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

5.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (JASTP) is an international journal concerned with the inter-disciplinary science of the Earth''s atmospheric and space environment, especially the highly varied and highly variable physical phenomena that occur in this natural laboratory and the processes that couple them. The journal covers the physical processes operating in the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, the Sun, interplanetary medium, and heliosphere. Phenomena occurring in other "spheres", solar influences on climate, and supporting laboratory measurements are also considered. The journal deals especially with the coupling between the different regions. Solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and other energetic events on the Sun create interesting and important perturbations in the near-Earth space environment. The physics of such "space weather" is central to the Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics and the journal welcomes papers that lead in the direction of a predictive understanding of the coupled system. Regarding the upper atmosphere, the subjects of aeronomy, geomagnetism and geoelectricity, auroral phenomena, radio wave propagation, and plasma instabilities, are examples within the broad field of solar-terrestrial physics which emphasise the energy exchange between the solar wind, the magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas, and the neutral gas. In the lower atmosphere, topics covered range from mesoscale to global scale dynamics, to atmospheric electricity, lightning and its effects, and to anthropogenic changes.