Leishmaniasis in transplant patients: what do we know so far?

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-08 DOI:10.1097/QCO.0000000000001034

Begoña Monge-Maillo, Rogelio López-Vélez

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Abstract

Purpose of review: The number of cases of visceral leishmaniasis associated with transplant-associated immunosuppression has increased in recent years. Reviewing and updating the latest developments in its diagnostic management, treatment, and follow-up is necessary and relevant.

Recent findings: Visceral leishmaniasis cases associated with non-HIV immunosuppression are a growing cause of the parasitic infections, and the transplant patients are included in this context. These have been described especially in kidney transplantation. Liposomal amphotericin B is the first-line treatment. Due to immunosuppression, these patients often suffer from recurrent infections. The use of markers that indicate whether the patient has developed an adequate cellular response against Leishmania after treatment seems to be good biomarkers of cure and useful for monitoring and guiding secondary prophylaxis.

Summary: There is a lack of consensus regarding the need for leishmaniasis screening in donors and recipients and the indications for secondary prophylaxis. The study of new biomarkers of cure may be useful in all three contexts.

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移植患者中的利什曼病：我们目前了解多少？

审查目的：近年来，与移植相关免疫抑制有关的内脏利什曼病病例数量有所增加。回顾和更新其诊断管理、治疗和随访方面的最新进展非常必要，也很有意义：最近的研究结果：与非艾滋病毒免疫抑制相关的内脏利什曼病病例是寄生虫感染的一个日益增长的原因，移植患者也包括在内。这些病例在肾移植中尤为常见。脂质体两性霉素 B 是一线治疗药物。由于免疫抑制，这些患者往往会反复感染。使用标记物表明患者在治疗后是否对利什曼病产生了足够的细胞反应，似乎是治愈的良好生物标记物，有助于监测和指导二级预防。研究新的治愈生物标志物可能对上述三种情况都有用。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

2.60%

发文量

121

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： This reader-friendly, bimonthly resource provides a powerful, broad-based perspective on the most important advances from throughout the world literature. Featuring renowned guest editors and focusing exclusively on two topics, every issue of Current Opinion in Infectious Disease delivers unvarnished, expert assessments of developments from the previous year. Insightful editorials and on-the-mark invited reviews cover key subjects such as HIV infection and AIDS; skin and soft tissue infections; respiratory infections; paediatric and neonatal infections; gastrointestinal infections; tropical and travel-associated diseases; and antimicrobial agents.

期刊最新文献

Chimeric antigen receptor-T-cell therapies going viral: latent and incidental viral infections. Chagas disease in the immunocompromised host. H5 and H9 avian influenza - potential re-emergent zoonotic threats to humans. Leishmaniasis in transplant patients: what do we know so far? Malaria in pregnancy: baby steps.