Matija Kozak, Pavel Poredoš, Aleš Blinc, Mateja Kaja Ježovnik, Peter Poredoš
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) represents one of the most frequent manifestations of atherosclerosis in men and women. In both sexes, PAD is related to classical risk factors of atherosclerosis, which are similarly distributed, but some additional factors determine differences between men and women. More frequent asymptomatic disease in women than in men and less frequent screening in women may result in a false underestimation of the prevalence of PAD in women. All these factors may cause delayed diagnosis and treatment of PAD in women. Estrogen hormones have vasoprotective properties that lower the prevalence of atherosclerosis in women of younger age. However, estrogen probably does not have a protective role against the development of cardiovascular disease in women of an older age. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) of less than one year does not appear to reduce the odds of developing PAD in postmenopausal women. It may even increase the risk of morbidity from vascular interventions. However, some studies indicated that HRT for more than one year significantly decreases the risk of PAD if administered early after the last menstruation. Also, treatment of PAD in women differs to some extent from men.
外周动脉疾病(PAD)是男性和女性动脉粥样硬化最常见的表现之一。在男女两性中,PAD 都与动脉粥样硬化的传统风险因素有关,这些因素的分布情况相似,但一些额外的因素决定了男女之间的差异。与男性相比,女性无症状疾病的发生率更高,女性筛查的频率更低,这些都可能导致女性 PAD 患病率被错误低估。所有这些因素都可能导致女性 PAD 诊断和治疗的延误。雌激素荷尔蒙具有血管保护作用,可降低年轻女性动脉粥样硬化的发病率。但是,雌激素对老年妇女心血管疾病的发生可能没有保护作用。少于一年的激素替代疗法(HRT)似乎不会降低绝经后妇女罹患 PAD 的几率。它甚至可能增加血管介入治疗的发病风险。然而,一些研究表明,如果在末次月经后尽早进行一年以上的人工流产治疗,则可显著降低 PAD 的风险。此外,女性 PAD 的治疗在一定程度上也与男性不同。
期刊介绍:
Vasa is the European journal of vascular medicine. It is the official organ of the German, Swiss, and Slovenian Societies of Angiology.
The journal publishes original research articles, case reports and reviews on vascular biology, epidemiology, prevention, diagnosis, medical treatment and interventions for diseases of the arterial circulation, in the field of phlebology and lymphology including the microcirculation, except the cardiac circulation.
Vasa combines basic science with clinical medicine making it relevant to all physicians interested in the whole vascular field.