Kounis Syndrome: Review of Clinical Cases.

Sergey Yakushin, Arzu Gurbanova, Kristina Pereverzeva
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Abstract

Background: Kounis syndrome is defined as a combination of acute coronary syndrome and allergic reactions.

Objective: In this review, we aim to describe the etiological, clinical, and diagnostic characteristics of Kounis syndrome.

Methods: A literature search using PubMed was conducted for the past 32 years using keywords, resulting in the selection of 761 scientific papers. From these, 217 articles describing 235 clinical cases were selected. Patients under 18 years of age or without a confirmed diagnosis were excluded.

Results: Among the 235 patients, type I Kounis syndrome was observed in 49.7%, type II in 27.2%, type III in 5.9%, and a combination of types I and II in 1.0%; in 16.2%, it was not possible to classify the type of Kounis syndrome. The median age was 57 years, and 68.5% of the patients were male. The most common causes were antibiotics (32.3%) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (24.3%). The clinical features included chest pain (59.1%), hypotension (74.2%), itching (30.6%), and dyspnea (30.6%). Electrocardiographic monitoring revealed ST-segment elevation in 42.9% and was normal in only 5.5% of patients. Coronary angiography was performed in 80.4% of the patients, revealing unchanged coronary arteries in 50.3% of cases. Сonclusion: Allergic myocardial infarction is a serious complication of drug therapy.

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库尼斯综合征:临床病例回顾
背景:库尼斯综合征被定义为急性冠状动脉综合征和过敏反应的综合征:库尼斯综合征被定义为急性冠状动脉综合征和过敏反应的综合征:在这篇综述中,我们旨在描述库尼斯综合征的病因、临床和诊断特征:方法:使用关键字在 PubMed 上对过去 32 年的文献进行了检索,共筛选出 761 篇科学论文。从中筛选出 217 篇文章,描述了 235 个临床病例。未满 18 岁或未经确诊的患者被排除在外:在 235 名患者中,49.7% 的患者属于 I 型库尼斯综合征,27.2% 的患者属于 II 型库尼斯综合征,5.9% 的患者属于 III 型库尼斯综合征,1.0% 的患者属于 I 型和 II 型库尼斯综合征的混合型库尼斯综合征;16.2% 的患者无法对库尼斯综合征的类型进行分类。中位年龄为 57 岁,68.5% 的患者为男性。最常见的病因是抗生素(32.3%)和非甾体抗炎药(24.3%)。临床特征包括胸痛(59.1%)、低血压(74.2%)、瘙痒(30.6%)和呼吸困难(30.6%)。心电图监测显示,42.9%的患者出现ST段抬高,仅有5.5%的患者心电图正常。80.4%的患者接受了冠状动脉造影术,其中50.3%的病例冠状动脉未见异常。结论过敏性心肌梗死是药物治疗的一种严重并发症。
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