Validation of the Residual Feed Intake Model in Brangus Heifers: Determination of the Optimal Days on Feed Interval to Estimate Dry Matter Intake and Average Daily Gain

Animals Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI:10.3390/ani14142044
L. E. Mahler, M. K. Mullenix, T. Brandebourg, L. Kriese-Anderson
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Abstract

Brangus cattle are gaining popularity in the Southeast U.S. due to the desirable heat tolerance from their Brahman influence combined with the superior carcass merit aspects of Angus genetics. However, little is known about the optimal evaluation conditions for this hybrid breed when placed on test for Residual Feed Intake (RFI), a heritable measure of feed efficiency that allows improvement in performance without altering carcass traits. To address this, dry matter intake (DMI) was measured on Brangus heifers for 70-d to determine the optimal days on feed required to estimate feed intake and ADG and assess if inclusion of ultrasound measures of carcass merit into the model impact RFI rankings for this breed. The 56-d test period had a regression coefficient of 0.96 (p < 0.0001), R2 = 0.94, rp = 0.97 (p < 0.0001), and rs = 0.97 (p < 0.0001), indicating little change in rank of cattle for DMI compared to a 70-d test. ADG was the limiting factor in determining test duration. Based upon examining only heifers that calved, ultrasound backfat measures should be included in the RFI model to normalize for differences in heifer maturity. Results from this study indicate that a test duration of 56-d is sufficient to accurately estimate DMI in this population. This data indicates on-test duration can be shortened, enhancing the rate of genetic change by reducing cost and increasing the number of animals that can be tested annually.
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验证 Brangus 母牛的剩余饲料摄入量模型:确定估计干物质摄入量和平均日增重的最佳采食间隔天数
布兰固牛在美国东南部越来越受欢迎,这是因为布兰固牛受布拉赫曼牛的影响,具有理想的耐热性,再加上安格斯牛遗传学中优越的胴体特征。然而,人们对这一杂交品种在进行剩余饲料摄入量(RFI)测试时的最佳评估条件知之甚少,RFI 是一种可遗传的饲料效率测量方法,可在不改变胴体性状的情况下提高生产性能。为了解决这个问题,对 Brangus 母牛的干物质摄入量(DMI)进行了 70 天的测定,以确定估计采食量和 ADG 所需的最佳采食天数,并评估将胴体性能的超声波测量纳入模型是否会影响该品种的 RFI 排名。56 天试验期的回归系数为 0.96 (p < 0.0001),R2 = 0.94,rp = 0.97 (p < 0.0001),rs = 0.97 (p < 0.0001),表明与 70 天试验相比,牛的 DMI 排名变化不大。ADG是决定试验持续时间的限制因素。在仅对产犊母牛进行研究的基础上,RFI 模型中应包括超声背膘测量,以便对母牛成熟度的差异进行归一化处理。本研究结果表明,56 天的测试持续时间足以准确估计该群体的 DMI。这些数据表明可以缩短测试时间,通过降低成本和增加每年测试的动物数量来提高遗传变化率。
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