A diverse diet increases animal growth performance and carcass yield of grazing lambs

IF 17.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI:10.1093/tas/txae103

M. R. Beck, K. Garrett, C. Marshall, P. Gregorini

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Abstract

The current experiments were conducted across two lamb finishing seasons [2019 (experiment one; Exp1) and 2020 (experiment two; Exp2)]. In both experiments lambs were provided a monotonous (MON) diet [annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) during 2019 and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and white-clover (Trifolium repens L.) during 2020] or a diverse (DIV) diet composed of spatially separated strips sown to chicory (Chicorium intybus L.), plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.), perennial ryegrass, lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), and dock (Rumex obtusifolius). During Exp1, the DIV lambs had a stocking rate (SR) of either 80, 95, 100, or 110 m2/lamb/week, whereas the MON lambs had a 100 m2/lamb/week SR. In Exp2, the SR aimed to allocate the MON lambs with twice the forage allowance (kg DM/lamb/d) as DIV lambs. In Exp1, all lambs provided DIV had a greater (P < 0.01) average daily gain (ADG; +130%) than MON rams, independent of the SR. Accordingly, DIV had greater (P < 0.05) hot carcass weight (HCW; +26%) and aged carcass weight (CW; +27%) compared with MON, across all SR. The 80 m2/lamb/week SR tended to have a greater (P = 0.10) dressing percentage and had similar (P = 0.29) drip loss percentage to the MON lambs, while the other DIV lamb SR all had greater (P < 0.05; +12%) dressing percentages and lower (P < 0.05) drip loss percentage than MON lambs. In Exp2, DIV lambs had greater (P < 0.01) ADG (+37% ), HCW (+15%), and dressing percentage (+6%) compared with MON lambs. This improved animal performance occurred despite being offered 57% less (P = 0.01) dry matter (DM), 56% less (P < 0.01) digestible DM, and 57% less (P = 0.02) metabolizable energy per lamb per day. Ultimately, these experiments demonstrate that providing growing lambs a functionally diverse diet improves animal growth performance and carcass weight compared with a monotonous diet of annual ryegrass or a mixed sward containing perennial ryegrass with white clover

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多样化日粮可提高放牧羔羊的生长性能和胴体产量

目前的实验跨越了两个羔羊育成期[2019 年（实验一；Exp1）和 2020 年（实验二；Exp2）]。在这两项实验中，羔羊均食用单调（MON）日粮[2019 年为一年生黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum L.），2020 年为多年生黑麦草（Lolium perenne L.）和白三叶（Trifolium repens L.2020年）]或多样化（DIV）日粮，后者由播种菊苣（Chicorium intybus L.）、车前草（Plantago lanceolata L.）、多年生黑麦草、苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）和木贼（Rumex obtusifolius）的空间隔离带组成。在实验1中，DIV羔羊的放养率为80、95、100或110平方米/羔羊/周，而MON羔羊的放养率为100平方米/羔羊/周。在Exp2中，SR的目的是为MON羔羊分配两倍于DIV羔羊的饲料量（千克DM/羔羊/天）。在 Exp1 中，所有提供 DIV 饲料的羔羊的平均日增重（ADG；+130%）都高于 MON 公羊，这与 SR 无关。因此，在所有SR中，DIV的热胴体重（HCW；+26%）和老胴体重（CW；+27%）均高于MON。与 MON 羔羊相比，80 m2/lamb/week SR 的换料率较高（P = 0.10），滴水损失率相似（P = 0.29），而其他 DIV 羔羊 SR 的换料率较高（P < 0.05；+12%），滴水损失率较低（P < 0.05）。在实验 2 中，与 MON 羔羊相比，DIV 羔羊的 ADG（+37%）、HCW（+15%）和拌料率（+6%）更高（P < 0.01）。尽管每只羔羊每天摄入的干物质（DM）减少了 57% (P = 0.01)，可消化 DM 减少了 56% (P < 0.01)，可代谢能减少了 57% (P = 0.02)，但动物的表现却得到了改善。这些实验最终证明，与单调的一年生黑麦草日粮或含有多年生黑麦草和白三叶的混合草地相比，为生长中的羔羊提供功能多样化的日粮可提高动物的生长性能和胴体重量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.