Effects of Extraction Methods on Volatile Oil Profiles of Cinnamomi ramulus–Zingiberis rhizoma recens Couplet Medicines

IF 2.5 4区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Separations Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI:10.3390/separations11070206

Xiaodong Xin, Xinnong Li, Jiabao Chen, Chuanghui Shen, Xiaohan Shi, Lei Wang, Chunhua Li

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Abstract

Cinnamomi ramulus (CR, Guizhi in Chinese) and Zingiberis rhizoma recens (ZRR, Shengjiang in Chinese) are couplet medicines (drug pairs or drug combinations) in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. They contain a high amount of volatile oils which endow them with unique flavors and pharmacological activities. Extraction methods have a great influence on the extraction efficiency and composition of volatile oils. Firstly, the volatile oils of CR and ZRR were extracted by steam distillation (SD) and analyzed by GC-MS to obtain their chemical profiles. In total, 35 and 55 compounds were identified in the volatile oils of CR and ZRR, respectively. In order to find a suitable extraction method for the couplet medicine CR-ZRR, subsequently, steam distillation (SD), azeotropic distillation (AD) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) were applied to extract the volatile oils from CR-ZRR. The average extraction yields by SD, AD and SFE were 0.573%, 0.62% and 2.135%, respectively. The chemical composition of the volatile oils was then analyzed by GC-MS. In total, 73, 59 and 71 compounds were identified from the extracts obtained by SD, AD and SFE, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) and OPLS-DA showed that citral, (E)-cinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal, zingiberene, cinnamaldehyde and β-sesquiphellandrene were the main contributors to distinguish the volatile oils that were obtained by different processes. Considering the chemical diversity and the total content of the main bioactive components of the volatiles oils, SD was more suitable for CR-ZRR volatile oil extraction. This study provides a basis for elucidating the chemical composition and suitable extraction method for the volatile oils of CR-ZRR.

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萃取方法对肉桂-细辛对联药挥发油特征的影响

肉桂（Cinnamomi ramulus，中文名为 "桂枝"）和川芎（Zingiberis rhizoma recens，中文名为 "生姜"）是传统中药处方中的对子药（药物对或药物组合）。它们含有大量挥发油，具有独特的风味和药理活性。萃取方法对挥发油的萃取效率和成分有很大影响。首先，采用蒸汽蒸馏法（SD）提取 CR 和 ZRR 的挥发油，然后用气相色谱法（GC-MS）分析其化学成分。在 CR 和 ZRR 的挥发油中分别鉴定出 35 和 55 种化合物。为了找到一种合适的萃取方法来萃取 CR-ZRR 联用药材中的挥发油，随后采用了蒸汽蒸馏法（SD）、共沸蒸馏法（AD）和超临界流体萃取法（SFE）来萃取 CR-ZRR 的挥发油。SD、AD 和 SFE 的平均萃取率分别为 0.573%、0.62% 和 2.135%。然后用 GC-MS 分析了挥发油的化学成分。从 SD、AD 和 SFE 萃取物中分别鉴定出 73、59 和 71 种化合物。主成分分析（PCA）和 OPLS-DA 表明，柠檬醛、(E)-肉桂醛二甲基缩醛、紫苏烯、肉桂醛和β-鞘氨醇是区分不同工艺获得的挥发油的主要成分。考虑到挥发油的化学多样性和主要生物活性成分的总含量，SD 更适合用于 CR-ZRR 挥发油的提取。这项研究为阐明 CR-ZRR 挥发油的化学成分和合适的提取方法提供了依据。

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来源期刊

Separations Chemistry-Analytical Chemistry

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

15.40%

发文量

342

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Separations (formerly Chromatography, ISSN 2227-9075, CODEN: CHROBV) provides an advanced forum for separation and purification science and technology in all areas of chemical, biological and physical science. It publishes reviews, regular research papers and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. There are, in addition, unique features of this journal: Manuscripts regarding research proposals and research ideas will be particularly welcomed. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material. Manuscripts concerning summaries and surveys on research cooperation and projects (that are funded by national governments) to give information for a broad field of users. The scope of the journal includes but is not limited to: Theory and methodology (theory of separation methods, sample preparation, instrumental and column developments, new separation methodologies, etc.) Equipment and techniques, novel hyphenated analytical solutions (significantly extended by their combination with spectroscopic methods and in particular, mass spectrometry) Novel analysis approaches and applications to solve analytical challenges which utilize chromatographic separations as a key step in the overall solution Computational modelling of separations for the purpose of fundamental understanding and/or chromatographic optimization