MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE WIND FLOW AND THE TRANSFER OF POLLUTANTS IN ORDER TO PREDICT THE ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS

A. Nygmetova, A. A. Issakhov
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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the turbulent dispersion of pollutants in the city of Almaty, Kazakhstan, caused by vehicle emissions. The influence of the environment and building on the dispersion of pollutant concentration, in this case ethylene, was studied. A three-dimensional model was built to accurately describe an existing street in the city. Turbulent air flow and concentration was investigated using a mathematical model of convection in a cavity and was solved using the SST k-omega method. SIMPLE algorithm was applied to solve the velocity-concentration relationship. When comparing between the obtained results and known test data, the similarity of the identified results showed the correctness of the methods and algorithms used. In summary, the results of pollutant spreading were analyzed in the presence of a barrier of different heights: 1m, 2m and 3m. The findings indicate that the presence of barrier has a positive effect on the retention of pollutants. Also the height of these barriers plays an important role, so the planning and construction should be grounded on the outcomes of modeling and peculiarities of the given territory. This is proved by the marked differences in the amount of concentration at one and the same moment of time for all cases.
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建立风流和污染物转移的数学模型,以预测居住区的环境状况
本研究旨在分析哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图市车辆排放造成的污染物湍流扩散。研究了环境和建筑物对污染物浓度(此处指乙烯)扩散的影响。建立了一个三维模型,以准确描述该市现有的一条街道。使用空腔对流数学模型对湍流气流和浓度进行了研究,并使用 SST k-omega 方法进行了求解。采用 SIMPLE 算法求解速度-浓度关系。将获得的结果与已知的测试数据进行比较,确定结果的相似性表明所使用的方法和算法是正确的。总之,分析了在不同高度的障碍物存在的情况下污染物扩散的结果:1米、2米和3米。研究结果表明,屏障的存在对污染物的滞留有积极影响。此外,隔离栅的高度也起着重要作用,因此规划和建设应基于建模结果和特定区域的特殊性。在所有情况下,同一时刻的浓度都存在明显差异,这就证明了这一点。
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