Volume of alcohol intake, heavy episodic drinking, and all-cause mortality in Spain: A longitudinal population-based study

IF 3.7 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Addictive behaviors Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108108
Iñaki Galán , Julia Fontán , Cristina Ortiz , Teresa López-Cuadrado , María Téllez-Plaza , Esther García-Esquinas
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Abstract

Introduction

The impact of alcohol consumption on health, particularly in low quantities, remains controversial. Our objective was to assess the association between alcohol volume and heavy episodic drinking (HED) with all-cause mortality, while minimizing many of the known methodological issues.

Methodology

This longitudinal study used data from the 2011–2012 National Health Survey and the 2014 European Health Survey in Spain. Data from 43,071 participants aged ≥ 15 years were linked to mortality records as of December 2021. Alcohol consumption categories were defined based on intake volume and frequency: never-drinkers, former drinkers, infrequent occasional drinkers (≤once/month), frequent occasional drinkers (<once/week to > once /month). Regular drinkers (≥once/week) were further classified by volume: >0–10 g/day, >10–20 g/day, >20–40 g/day, and > 40 g/day. Heavy Episodic Drinking (HED) was defined as ≥ 6 and ≥ 5 standard drinks (10 g) within 4–6 h for men and women, respectively. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using Cox regression, adjusting for sociodemographic variables, lifestyle factors, health status, and alcohol volume or HED.

Results

Compared to infrequent occasional drinkers, HRs for never-drinkers and former drinkers were 1.30 (95 %CI:1.14–1.47) and 1.32 (95 %CI:1.15–1.50), respectively. No differences in mortality risk were observed for intakes up to 20 g/day, but it increased for consumptions > 20–40 g/day and > 40 g/day (HR = 1.29; 95 %CI:1.05–1.58 and HR = 1.57; 95 %CI:1.14–2.17, respectively). The HR of weekly HED vs. never was 1.31 (95 %CI:0.98–1.75).

Conclusions

Compared to infrequent occasional drinking, consuming low amounts of alcohol had no impact on mortality risk. However, never-drinkers, former drinkers, individuals with regular consumption > 20 g/day, and those engaging in weekly HED, experienced higher mortality risk.

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西班牙的酒精摄入量、大量偶发性饮酒和全因死亡率:基于人口的纵向研究
导言饮酒对健康的影响,尤其是低量饮酒,仍然存在争议。我们的目标是评估饮酒量和大量偶发性饮酒(HED)与全因死亡率之间的关系,同时尽量减少许多已知的方法学问题。方法这项纵向研究使用了 2011-2012 年西班牙全国健康调查和 2014 年欧洲健康调查的数据。来自 43,071 名年龄≥ 15 岁的参与者的数据与截至 2021 年 12 月的死亡记录进行了关联。根据摄入量和频率对酒精消费进行了分类:从不饮酒者、曾经饮酒者、不经常偶尔饮酒者(≤一次/月)、经常偶尔饮酒者(<一次/周至>一次/月)。经常饮酒者(≥一次/周)按饮酒量进一步分为:0-10 克/天、10-20 克/天、20-40 克/天和 40 克/天。重度偶发性饮酒(HED)的定义是男性和女性在4-6小时内分别饮酒≥6杯和≥5杯标准饮料(10克)。结果与不经常偶尔饮酒者相比,从不饮酒者和曾经饮酒者的危险比分别为 1.30 (95 %CI:1.14-1.47) 和 1.32 (95 %CI:1.15-1.50) 。摄入量不超过 20 克/天时,死亡风险没有差异,但摄入量超过 20-40 克/天和超过 40 克/天时,死亡风险会增加(分别为 HR = 1.29; 95 %CI:1.05-1.58 和 HR = 1.57; 95 %CI:1.14-2.17 )。结论与不经常偶尔饮酒相比,少量饮酒对死亡风险没有影响。然而,从不饮酒者、曾经饮酒者、经常饮酒量大于等于 20 克/天者以及每周饮酒者的死亡风险较高。
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来源期刊
Addictive behaviors
Addictive behaviors 医学-药物滥用
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
4.50%
发文量
283
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Addictive Behaviors is an international peer-reviewed journal publishing high quality human research on addictive behaviors and disorders since 1975. The journal accepts submissions of full-length papers and short communications on substance-related addictions such as the abuse of alcohol, drugs and nicotine, and behavioral addictions involving gambling and technology. We primarily publish behavioral and psychosocial research but our articles span the fields of psychology, sociology, psychiatry, epidemiology, social policy, medicine, pharmacology and neuroscience. While theoretical orientations are diverse, the emphasis of the journal is primarily empirical. That is, sound experimental design combined with valid, reliable assessment and evaluation procedures are a requisite for acceptance. However, innovative and empirically oriented case studies that might encourage new lines of inquiry are accepted as well. Studies that clearly contribute to current knowledge of etiology, prevention, social policy or treatment are given priority. Scholarly commentaries on topical issues, systematic reviews, and mini reviews are encouraged. We especially welcome multimedia papers that incorporate video or audio components to better display methodology or findings. Studies can also be submitted to Addictive Behaviors? companion title, the open access journal Addictive Behaviors Reports, which has a particular interest in ''non-traditional'', innovative and empirically-oriented research such as negative/null data papers, replication studies, case reports on novel treatments, and cross-cultural research.
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