Renal manifestations in a cohort of pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

Background and study aims

Renal involvement in inflammatory bowel disease is rather uncommon. This study aims to describe the spectrum of renal involvement in pediatric patients with IBD and reduce delay in detection and management.

Patients and methods

This is a retrospective study of the renal function of all patients, aged <18 years, who have been followed for IBD in our pediatric gastroenterology department from January 2019 till January 2023.

Results

From the 75 IBD patients included in this study 16 % had renal manifestations. The urinalysis revealed proteinuria in 7 patients, proteinuria and hematuria in 3 and proteinuria and glycosuria in 2 patients. All 12 patients with abnormal urinalysis underwent further investigation in order to determine the cause of renal damage and the results are as follows: 2 patients had glomerulonephritis and in other 2 patients renal damage was due to medication adverse effect, 1 had pyelonephritis in combination with chronic active tubulointerstitial nephritis and another 1 had thin basement membrane disease. Three patients had IBD-related dependent renal involvement and 1 resulted in chronic renal failure due to amyloidosis.

Conclusions

It is important for all clinicians to be aware of the possibility of renal manifestations in IBD patients for the early diagnosis and prevention of these manifestations and complications.