Shape of the art: TCR-repertoire after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation

IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.beha.2024.101558
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Abstract

The human adaptive immune repertoire is characterized by specificity and diversity to provide immunity against past and future tasks. Such tasks are mainly infections but also malignant transformations of cells. With its multiple lines of defense, the human immune system contains both, rapid reaction forces and the potential to capture, disassemble and analyze strange structures in order to teach the adaptive immune system and mount a specific immune response. Prevention and mitigation of autoimmunity is of equal importance. In the context of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) specific challenges exist with the transfer of cells from the adapted donor immune system to the immunosuppressed recipient. Those challenges are immunogenetic disparity between donor and host, reconstitution of immunity early after HCT by expansion of mature immune effector cells, and impaired thymic function, if the recipient is an adult (as it is the case in most HCTs). The possibility to characterize the adaptive immune repertoire by massively parallel sequencing of T-cell receptor gene rearrangements allows for a much more detailed characterization of the T-cell repertoire. In addition, high-dimensional characterization of immune effector cells based on their immunophenotype and single cell RNA sequencing allow for much deeper insights in adaptive immune responses. We here review, existing – still incomplete – information on immune reconstitution after allogeneic HCT. Building on the technological advances much deeper insights into immune recovery after HCT and adaptive immune responses and can be expected in the coming years.

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艺术之形:异基因造血细胞移植后的 TCR 重排
人类的适应性免疫反应具有特异性和多样性的特点,可针对过去和未来的任务提供免疫力。这些任务主要是感染,也包括细胞的恶性转化。人体免疫系统拥有多道防线,既有快速反应能力,也有捕捉、分解和分析奇异结构的潜力,以便向适应性免疫系统传授知识,并做出特异性免疫反应。预防和减轻自身免疫同样重要。在异体造血细胞移植(HCT)中,将细胞从适应性供体免疫系统转移到免疫抑制的受体存在着特殊的挑战。这些挑战包括供体和宿主之间的免疫遗传差异、造血干细胞移植后早期通过扩增成熟的免疫效应细胞重建免疫系统,以及受体为成年人时胸腺功能受损(大多数造血干细胞移植都是如此)。通过对 T 细胞受体基因重排进行大规模平行测序,可以更详细地描述适应性免疫细胞群的特征。此外,根据免疫效应细胞的免疫表型和单细胞 RNA 测序对其进行高维表征,可以更深入地了解适应性免疫反应。我们在此回顾了异基因造血干细胞移植后免疫重建的现有信息,这些信息仍不完整。在技术进步的基础上,未来几年有望对 HCT 后的免疫恢复和适应性免疫反应有更深入的了解。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
42
审稿时长
35 days
期刊介绍: Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology publishes review articles integrating the results from the latest original research articles into practical, evidence-based review articles. These articles seek to address the key clinical issues of diagnosis, treatment and patient management. Each issue follows a problem-orientated approach which focuses on the key questions to be addressed, clearly defining what is known and not known, covering the spectrum of clinical and laboratory haematological practice and research. Although most reviews are invited, the Editor welcomes suggestions from potential authors.
期刊最新文献
Editorial Board From clones to immunopeptidomes: New developments in the characterization of permissive HLA-DP mismatches in hematopoietic cell transplantation Relevance of donor-specific HLA antibodies in hematopoietic cell transplantation HLA structure and function in hematopoietic-cell transplantation Special issue 37.3: “Genetics and function of HLA and immune-related genes in hematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular immunotherapy”
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