Bite-sized immunology; damage and microbes educating immunity at the gingiva

IF 7.9 2区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Mucosal Immunology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.07.004
Joanne E. Konkel, Joshua R. Cox, Kelly Wemyss
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Abstract

Immune cells residing at the gingiva experience diverse and unique signals, tailoring their functions to enable them to appropriately respond to immunological challenges and maintain tissue integrity. The gingiva, defined as the mucosal barrier that surrounds and supports the teeth, is the only barrier site completely transected by a hard structure, the tooth. The tissue is damaged in early life during tooth eruption and chronically throughout life by the process of mastication. This occurs alongside challenges typical of barrier sites, including exposure to invading pathogens, the local commensal microbial community and environmental antigens. This review will focus on the immune network safeguarding gingival integrity, which is far less understood than that resident at other barrier sites. A detailed understanding of the gingiva-resident immune network is vital as it is the site of the inflammatory disease periodontitis, the most common chronic inflammatory condition in humans which has well-known detrimental systemic effects. Furthering our understanding of how the immune populations within the gingiva develop, are tailored in health, and how this is dysregulated in disease would further the development of effective therapies for periodontitis.
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咬合免疫学;损害和微生物教育牙龈免疫。
驻留在牙龈的免疫细胞会经历各种独特的信号,从而调整其功能,使其能够对免疫挑战做出适当的反应,并保持组织的完整性。牙龈被定义为环绕和支撑牙齿的粘膜屏障,是唯一一个被坚硬结构--牙齿--完全横切的屏障部位。牙龈组织在生命早期的牙齿萌出过程中受到损伤,并在整个生命过程中因咀嚼而长期受到损伤。这与屏障部位所面临的典型挑战同时发生,包括暴露于入侵病原体、当地共生微生物群落和环境抗原。本综述将重点讨论保护牙龈完整性的免疫网络,人们对该网络的了解远远少于对其他屏障部位的了解。详细了解牙龈驻留的免疫网络至关重要,因为牙龈是炎症性疾病牙周炎的发病部位,而牙周炎是人类最常见的慢性炎症性疾病,具有众所周知的有害全身影响。进一步了解牙龈内的免疫群体是如何发展的、在健康状态下是如何调整的,以及在疾病状态下是如何失调的,将有助于开发治疗牙周炎的有效疗法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Mucosal Immunology
Mucosal Immunology 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
16.60
自引率
3.80%
发文量
100
审稿时长
12 days
期刊介绍: Mucosal Immunology, the official publication of the Society of Mucosal Immunology (SMI), serves as a forum for both basic and clinical scientists to discuss immunity and inflammation involving mucosal tissues. It covers gastrointestinal, pulmonary, nasopharyngeal, oral, ocular, and genitourinary immunology through original research articles, scholarly reviews, commentaries, editorials, and letters. The journal gives equal consideration to basic, translational, and clinical studies and also serves as a primary communication channel for the SMI governing board and its members, featuring society news, meeting announcements, policy discussions, and job/training opportunities advertisements.
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