Nut consumption, gut microbiota, and body fat distribution: results of a large, community-based population study

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Obesity Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI:10.1002/oby.24099

Yuwei Shi, Juntao Kan, Wenjie Wang, Yiyang Cao, Yimian Wu, Xinyu Chen, Weifang Zheng, Fei Yang, Jun Du, Wei He, Shankuan Zhu

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Abstract

Objective

We aimed to investigate the relationships among nut consumption, gut microbiota, and body fat distribution.

Methods

We studied 2255 Chinese adults in the Lanxi Cohort living in urban areas in Lanxi City, China. Fat distribution was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and nut consumption was assessed using food frequency questionnaires. 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing was performed on stool samples from 1724 participants. Linear regression and Spearman correlation were used in all analyses. A validation study was performed using 1274 participants in the Lanxi Cohort living in rural areas.

Results

Nut consumption was beneficially associated with regional fat accumulation. Gut microbial analysis suggested that a high intake of nuts was associated with greater microbial α diversity. Six genera were found to be associated with nut consumption, and the abundance of genera Anaerobutyricum, Anaerotaenia, and Fusobacterium was significantly associated with fat distribution. Favorable relationships between α diversity and fat distribution were also observed. Similar relationships between gut microbiota and fat distribution were obtained in the validation analysis.

Conclusions

We have shown that nut consumption is beneficially associated with body fat distribution and gut microbiota diversity and taxonomy. Furthermore, the microbial features related to high nut intake are associated with a favorable pattern of fat distribution.

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坚果食用量、肠道微生物群和体脂分布：一项大型社区人口研究的结果。

目的：我们旨在研究坚果食用量、肠道微生物群和体脂分布之间的关系：我们旨在研究坚果食用量、肠道微生物群和体脂分布之间的关系：我们对生活在中国兰溪市城区的2255名中国成年人进行了兰溪队列研究。脂肪分布通过双能 X 射线吸收测定法进行评估，坚果食用量通过食物频率问卷进行评估。对 1724 名参与者的粪便样本进行了 16S 核糖体 RNA（rRNA）测序。所有分析均采用线性回归和斯皮尔曼相关分析。使用生活在农村地区的兰溪队列中的 1274 名参与者进行了一项验证研究：结果：坚果的摄入量与区域脂肪堆积有益处。肠道微生物分析表明，坚果摄入量高与微生物α多样性增加有关。研究发现，有六个菌属与坚果摄入量有关，其中Anaerobutyricum、Anaerotaenia和Fusobacterium菌属的丰富程度与脂肪分布有显著关系。还观察到α多样性与脂肪分布之间的有利关系。在验证分析中也发现了肠道微生物群与脂肪分布之间的类似关系：结论：我们已经证明，食用坚果与体脂分布、肠道微生物群多样性和分类有益相关。此外，与坚果高摄入量相关的微生物特征与有利的脂肪分布模式有关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Obesity 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

11.70

自引率

1.40%

发文量

261

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： Obesity is the official journal of The Obesity Society and is the premier source of information for increasing knowledge, fostering translational research from basic to population science, and promoting better treatment for people with obesity. Obesity publishes important peer-reviewed research and cutting-edge reviews, commentaries, and public health and medical developments.