Semi-militarized in war and lack of recognition in peace: Norwegian and other Allied seafarers in the Second World War

Bjørn Tore Rosendahl
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Abstract

Ship transport was a decisive factor for the outcome of the Second World War and resulted in many casualties among merchant seafarers. A lesser-known consequence of the war was the challenges to the seafarers’ position as civilians, not least through the militarization of merchant ships. This article investigates how this took place and its consequences during and after the war. Both the seafarers’ questionable legal status in relation to the rules of war and the character of their situation are analysed. This is done by studying how the wartime seafarers were treated by their governments, the enemies’ perspective and the seafarers’ own identity, using empirical examples from the Norwegian and other Allied nations’ merchant fleets. An unclear and changing position between being a military and a civilian person, probably contributed to the lack of recognition of the seafarers’ long and dangerous wartime effort in the post-war era.
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战争时半军事化,和平时不被承认:第二次世界大战中的挪威海员和其他盟国海员
船舶运输是第二次世界大战胜负的决定性因素,并造成了商船海员的大量伤亡。战争的一个鲜为人知的后果是海员作为平民的地位受到挑战,尤其是商船的军事化。本文研究了战争期间和战后如何发生这种情况及其后果。文章分析了海员与战争规则相关的可疑法律地位及其处境的特点。为此,文章利用挪威和其他盟国商船队的经验实例,研究了战时政府如何对待海员、敌人的观点和海员自身的身份。军人与平民之间的定位不明确且不断变化,这可能是海员在战后长期而危险的战时努力得不到认可的原因之一。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
0.40
自引率
33.30%
发文量
53
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