The role of siliceous sponges in pre-Eocene marine Si cycle from the perspective of rock mineralogy

IF 3.2 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Solid Earth Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI:10.5194/egusphere-2024-2003
Agata Jurkowska, Ewa Świerczewska-Gładysz, Szymon Kowalik Filipowicz
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Abstract

Abstract. The process of siliceous sponge dissolution during diagenesis was interpreted not only as an important part of marine Si cycle (comprising Si burial) but also as a significant mechanism of chert formation (so-called “chertification”; Maliva and Siever, 1989a). Both ideas were widely accepted by researches and are commonly used in geological studies. New research contradicts these seminal assumptions and indicates that in pre-Eocene marine Si cycle, although siliceous sponges were an important part of the ecosystems, did not play a controlling role in regulating dSi (= dissolved silicon) concentration in the porewater as well as in chert formation. The presented studies based on advanced mineralogical (XRD, EBSD; SEM-EDS) and microtextural (SEM) analysis of rocks and sponge remnants verify the role of siliceous sponges in the formation of Cretaceous siliceous rocks, by studying successions deposited in similar marine environments, which contain abundant fossils of siliceous sponges associated with cherts and authigenic silica polymorphs and those without them. For the first time, the mineralogical and microtextural transformations of siliceous sponge loose spicules/rigid skeletal networks, which led to their preservation as siliceous or pyrite/marcasite infillings and also in form of limonite coatings, are presented. The data presented here about the diagenesis of siliceous sponges skeletons opens the discussion on the usefulness of stable isotopic studies of δ30Si in geological studies of fossils of silicifiers preserved as secondary silica polymorphs (opal-CT).
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从岩石矿物学角度看硅质海绵在前始新世海洋硅循环中的作用
摘要硅质海绵在成岩过程中的溶解过程不仅被解释为海洋硅循环(包括硅埋藏)的重要组成部分,而且也是形成石灰华的重要机制(即所谓的 "石灰化";Maliva 和 Siever,1989a)。这两种观点都被研究人员广泛接受,并在地质研究中普遍使用。新的研究与这些开创性的假设相矛盾,表明在前始新世的海洋硅循环中,虽然硅质海绵是生态系统的重要组成部分,但在调节孔隙水中 dSi(= 溶解硅)浓度以及在石灰华形成过程中并没有起到控制作用。本研究基于对岩石和海绵残留物的先进矿物学(XRD、EBSD;SEM-EDS)和微纹理(SEM)分析,通过研究沉积在类似海洋环境中的岩层,验证了硅质海绵在白垩纪硅质岩形成过程中的作用,这些岩层中含有大量与白垩岩和自生硅质多晶体相关的硅质海绵化石,也有不含硅质海绵化石的岩层。本文首次介绍了硅质海绵松散尖晶石/刚性骨架网络的矿物学和微纹理变化,这些变化导致它们以硅质或黄铁矿/方镁石填充物以及褐铁矿包裹层的形式保存下来。本文提供的有关硅质海绵骨架成因的数据开启了对δ30Si 稳定同位素研究在保存为次生二氧化硅多晶体(蛋白石-CT)的硅化石地质研究中的实用性的讨论。
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来源期刊
Solid Earth
Solid Earth GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS-
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
8.80%
发文量
78
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Solid Earth (SE) is a not-for-profit journal that publishes multidisciplinary research on the composition, structure, dynamics of the Earth from the surface to the deep interior at all spatial and temporal scales. The journal invites contributions encompassing observational, experimental, and theoretical investigations in the form of short communications, research articles, method articles, review articles, and discussion and commentaries on all aspects of the solid Earth (for details see manuscript types). Being interdisciplinary in scope, SE covers the following disciplines: geochemistry, mineralogy, petrology, volcanology; geodesy and gravity; geodynamics: numerical and analogue modeling of geoprocesses; geoelectrics and electromagnetics; geomagnetism; geomorphology, morphotectonics, and paleoseismology; rock physics; seismics and seismology; critical zone science (Earth''s permeable near-surface layer); stratigraphy, sedimentology, and palaeontology; rock deformation, structural geology, and tectonics.
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