Analysis of changes in ecosystem capacity index and driving factors in the Loess Plateau under ecological engineering orientation

IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.3389/fevo.2024.1404424
Li Yuan, Mao Zhong yuan, Xu Bin, Wan Yu xuan
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Abstract

BackgroundIn recent decades, the Loess Plateau is one of the regions in China that urgently needs ecological governance due to the severe situation of soil erosion and land desertification. Due to the impact of climate change and human activities, the threat to the ecological space security of the Loess Plateau has intensified. This paper reveals the time lag effect of ecological engineering construction on the changes in the ecosystem service capacity index of the Loess Plateau, providing a scientific basis and decision-making reference for the sustainable development of the study area and improving the quality and management of ecological engineering construction, which is of great significance for building a solid ecological security barrier on the Loess Plateau.MethodsBased on the hierarchical analysis method, quantitative indicator method, spatial correlation analysis method and two-way fixed effect model, this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial changes of the ecosystem service capacity index of the Loess Plateau under the background of ecological engineering implementation.ResultsThe results showed that: 1) the vegetation coverage of the Loess Plateau increased with the increase of the area of ecological engineering construction, and showed a fluctuating growth distribution characteristic from southeast to northwest in space; 2) the water conservation capacity index, wind and sand fixation capacity index, biodiversity capacity index and comprehensive service capacity index of the Loess Plateau from 2000 to 2020 all showed exponential growth, which were highly coupled with the growth and change of vegetation coverage area in time and space; 3) the cold spots and hot spots of the ecosystem service capacity index of the Loess Plateau showed a step-by-step decrease of "hot in the south and cold in the north" in spatial distribution; the hot spots and sub-hot spots showed a reciprocating cycle from aggregation to fragmentation in time and space; the cold spots and sub-cold spots were mainly distributed in the northwest region. 4) The changes in the ecosystem service capacity index of the Loess Plateau were mainly affected by factors such as the cumulative project implementation area, urbanization rate and precipitation.ConclusionThe construction of ecological engineering on the Loess Plateau has achieved remarkable results. The growth of vegetation coverage area and ecosystem service capacity index on the Loess Plateau from 2000 to 2020 has promoted the recovery of ecosystem functions. Therefore, we should actively promote the construction of ecological projects to provide scientific decision-making references for solving regional ecological security issues.
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生态工程导向下黄土高原生态系统容量指数变化及驱动因素分析
背景近几十年来,黄土高原水土流失和土地沙化形势严峻,是中国急需进行生态治理的地区之一。受气候变化和人类活动的影响,黄土高原生态空间安全威胁加剧。本文揭示了生态工程建设对黄土高原生态系统服务能力指数变化的时滞效应,为研究区的可持续发展、提高生态工程建设质量和管理水平提供科学依据和决策参考,对筑牢黄土高原生态安全屏障具有重要意义。方法本文基于层次分析法、定量指标法、空间相关分析法和双向固定效应模型,分析了生态工程实施背景下黄土高原生态系统服务能力指数的时空变化:1)黄土高原植被覆盖度随着生态工程建设面积的增加而增加,在空间上呈现出由东南向西北波动增长的分布特征;2)2000-2020年黄土高原水源涵养能力指数、防风固沙能力指数、生物多样性能力指数和综合服务能力指数均呈指数增长,与植被覆盖度的增长和变化在时间和空间上高度耦合;3)黄土高原生态系统服务能力指数的冷点和热点在空间分布上呈现 "南热北冷 "的逐级递减,热点和次热点在时空上呈现从聚集到破碎的往复循环,冷点和次冷点主要分布在西北地区。4)黄土高原生态系统服务能力指数的变化主要受工程累计实施面积、城镇化率和降水量等因素的影响。从 2000 年到 2020 年,黄土高原植被覆盖面积和生态系统服务能力指数的增长促进了生态系统功能的恢复。因此,我们应积极推进生态工程建设,为解决区域生态安全问题提供科学的决策参考。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Environmental Science-Ecology
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
6.70%
发文量
1143
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research across fundamental and applied sciences, to provide ecological and evolutionary insights into our natural and anthropogenic world, and how it should best be managed. Field Chief Editor Mark A. Elgar at the University of Melbourne is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics and the public worldwide. Eminent biologist and theist Theodosius Dobzhansky’s astute observation that “Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution” has arguably even broader relevance now than when it was first penned in The American Biology Teacher in 1973. One could similarly argue that not much in evolution makes sense without recourse to ecological concepts: understanding diversity — from microbial adaptations to species assemblages — requires insights from both ecological and evolutionary disciplines. Nowadays, technological developments from other fields allow us to address unprecedented ecological and evolutionary questions of astonishing detail, impressive breadth and compelling inference. The specialty sections of Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution will publish, under a single platform, contemporary, rigorous research, reviews, opinions, and commentaries that cover the spectrum of ecological and evolutionary inquiry, both fundamental and applied. Articles are peer-reviewed according to the Frontiers review guidelines, which evaluate manuscripts on objective editorial criteria. Through this unique, Frontiers platform for open-access publishing and research networking, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution aims to provide colleagues and the broader community with ecological and evolutionary insights into our natural and anthropogenic world, and how it might best be managed.
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