Emergency Care for High-Altitude Trekking and Climbing.

IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 BIOPHYSICS High altitude medicine & biology Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI:10.1089/ham.2024.0065
Michiel J van Veelen, Rudolf Likar, Markus Tannheimer, Konrad E Bloch, Silvia Ulrich, Michael Philadelphy, Barbara Teuchner, Thomas Hochholzer, Jacqueline Pichler Hefti, Urs Hefti, Peter Paal, Martin Burtscher
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Abstract

Introduction: High altitude regions are characterized by harsh conditions (environmental, rough terrain, natural hazards, and limited hygiene and health care), which all may contribute to the risk of accidents/emergencies when trekking or climbing. Exposure to hypoxia, cold, wind, and solar radiation are typical features of the high altitude environment. Emergencies in these remote areas place high demands on the diagnostic and treatment skills of doctors and first-aiders. The aim of this review is to give insights on providing the best possible care for victims of emergencies at high altitude. Methods: Authors provide clinical recommendations based on their real-world experience, complemented by appropriate recent studies and internationally reputable guidelines. Results and Discussion: This review covers most of the emergencies/health issues that can occur when trekking or during high altitude climbing, that is, high altitude illnesses and hypothermia, freezing cold injuries, accidents, for example, with severe injuries due to falling, cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses, abdominal, musculoskeletal, eye, dental, and skin issues. We give a summary of current recommendations for emergency care and pain relief in case of these various incidents.

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高海拔徒步旅行和登山的紧急护理。
导言:高海拔地区的特点是条件恶劣(环境、地形崎岖、自然灾害、卫生和医疗条件有限),这些都可能导致徒步旅行或登山时发生意外/紧急情况的风险。缺氧、寒冷、大风和太阳辐射是高海拔环境的典型特征。这些偏远地区的紧急情况对医生和急救人员的诊断和治疗技能提出了很高的要求。本综述旨在就如何为高海拔地区的紧急情况受害者提供最佳护理提出见解。方法:作者根据自己的实际经验提出临床建议,并辅以适当的最新研究和国际知名指南。结果与讨论:这篇综述涵盖了徒步旅行或高海拔攀登过程中可能发生的大多数紧急情况/健康问题,即高海拔疾病和低体温症、低温冻伤、意外事故(例如,因摔倒造成的严重伤害)、心血管和呼吸系统疾病、腹部、肌肉骨骼、眼睛、牙齿和皮肤问题。我们总结了目前针对这些不同事故的紧急护理和止痛建议。
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来源期刊
High altitude medicine & biology
High altitude medicine & biology 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
9.50%
发文量
44
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: High Altitude Medicine & Biology is the only peer-reviewed journal covering the medical and biological issues that impact human life at high altitudes. The Journal delivers critical findings on the impact of high altitude on lung and heart disease, appetite and weight loss, pulmonary and cerebral edema, hypertension, dehydration, infertility, and other diseases. It covers the full spectrum of high altitude life sciences from pathology to human and animal ecology.
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