Validation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Arabic version of the Ear Outcome Survey-16 (EOS-16)

Abstract

Background

The Ear Outcome Survey-16 (EOS-16) has been validated according to the health-related quality of life (HRQol) survey guidelines. It has important compatible aspects in evaluating patients with chronic otitis media (COM) suitable for consultation. This study aimed to develop and standardize the Arabic version of the EOS-16 to be used by clinicians in the Arab world while maintaining the conceptual equivalence.

Methods

A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Damascus between July 2023 and November 2023 to develop an Arabic version of the EOS-16. The translation was produced according to the cross-cultural adaptation guidelines. Both experts' and participants' opinions as regards face validity were obtained in this study. Internal consistency was evaluated by the Cronbach alpha coefficient. Test–retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson correlation.

Results

A total of 81 patients enrolled in the study, with an average age of 34.75 years and a standard deviation of 11.84 years with a sex ratio of 0.62 for females. All had inactive mucosal COM (dry perforation). The overall score of the EOS-16 survey was 31.72 with a standard deviation of 13.42 suggesting bothering and influencing symptoms in COM patient's daily life. Excellent internal consistency was noted (Cronbach α = .89). Robust correlation was found between test–retest overall scores (r = .90). Reallocation of the items of the EOS-16 improved the internal consistency of the subdivisions in COM patients.

Conclusion

The Arabic version of the EOS-16 is a simple, clear, reliable, reproducible, and valid HRQoL survey. It is a useful and important instrument that helps physicians in making decisions regarding the patient's treatment and follow-up.