Family Caregivers' Perceptions and Experiences of Supporting Older People to Cope With Loneliness: A Qualitative Interview Study.

Ka Man Cheng, Ivy Yan Zhao, Della Maneze, Eleanor Holroyd, Angela Yee Man Leung
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Abstract

Loneliness has become a significant public health issue among community-dwelling older adults particularly those with multimorbidity. Family caregivers are crucial care resources for dependent older adults living in the community before transitioning to institutional services. However, understanding of their perceptions in supporting older adults with multimorbidity to cope with loneliness is limited. This qualitative study aimed to elucidate on the experiences of caring and explore the experiences and perceptions of family caregivers in supporting older community-dwelling adults with multimorbidity to cope with loneliness. Eleven family caregivers, aged 51-93 years old, with at least 2 years of caregiving experience were purposively recruited and interviewed individually. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist was utilised to report the study. Three key themes were generated from the inductive analysis: (1) recognising older adults' loneliness through the expression of unusual emotions, behaviour/s, social network alteration and speech; (2) variations in perceptions and responses to loneliness among different family caregiving relationships; and (3) challenges in addressing loneliness. Positive feedback from cared-for older adults was appreciated by their family caregivers which in turn motivated further actions to alleviate loneliness. The findings emphasised the importance of developing specific patients and family caregivers centred interventions, such as communication skills training to enhance effective communications. Cultural values and norms of individuals should be respected in those interventions, ensuring that emotional expression is facilitated in a comfortable way for both older patients and family caregivers.

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家庭照顾者在支持老年人应对孤独方面的看法和经验:定性访谈研究。
孤独已成为居住在社区的老年人,尤其是患有多种疾病的老年人的一个重要公共健康问题。对于生活在社区的受抚养老年人来说,家庭照顾者是他们在过渡到机构服务之前的重要护理资源。然而,人们对他们在支持患有多种疾病的老年人应对孤独感方面的看法了解有限。这项定性研究旨在阐明家庭照顾者的照顾经验,并探讨他们在支持居住在社区、患有多种疾病的老年人应对孤独感方面的经验和看法。我们有目的地招募了 11 名年龄在 51-93 岁之间、至少有 2 年护理经验的家庭照顾者,并对他们进行了个别访谈。研究报告采用了定性研究报告综合标准(COREQ)核对表。归纳分析产生了三个关键主题:(1) 通过不寻常的情绪、行为、社交网络改变和语言表达来识别老年人的孤独感;(2) 不同的家庭照料关系对孤独感的认知和反应存在差异;(3) 应对孤独感的挑战。被照顾的老年人的积极反馈得到了家庭照顾者的赞赏,这反过来又促使他们采取进一步行动来缓解孤独感。研究结果强调了制定以患者和家庭护理者为中心的具体干预措施的重要性,例如通过沟通技巧培训来加强有效沟通。在这些干预措施中,应尊重个人的文化价值观和规范,确保以舒适的方式促进老年患者和家庭护理者的情感表达。
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