Patterns and Determinants of Family Support among Pregnant Women in Ile-Ife, Nigeria: A Quantitative Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Effective family support is essential for promoting the well-being of pregnant women and reducing the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study examined family support patterns and influencing factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 384 pregnant women in a Local Government Area in southwestern Nigeria. Three healthcare facilities with the highest antenatal attendance were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a tested and structured questionnaire, which was developed following a review of similar studies. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, employing Pearson Chi-square tests with a significance level set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: More than half of the respondents reported inadequate family support in various aspects including tangible/instrumental support (52.9%), emotional support (51.4%), and financial support (54.4%). However, the majority reported significant financial supports from their spouses (60.7%). Religion, educational qualification, and partner's occupation  were found to significantly influence the likelihood of women receiving higher levels of social support. CONCLUSION: Many respondents lacked adequate support from spouses and families. Encouraging family involvement in antenatal care can improve understanding and support, benefiting maternal and child health. Hence, healthcare professionals and policymakers should consider the factors influencing family support options when designing focused interventions to strengthen maternal support systems and address the varied needs of pregnant women.