Busting the dust: Evaluating local vs distal sources in Quaternary sediments at Thirlmere Lakes

IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Applied Geochemistry Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106121
Matthew S. Forbes , Samuel K. Marx , Tim J. Cohen , Bryce Sherborne-Higgins , Alexander Francke , Germanas Peleckis , Brian G. Jones , Anthony Dosseto , Haidee Cadd , Elizabeth Swallow , Mark Raven , Dioni I. Cendón , Mark A. Peterson
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Abstract

The Quaternary sediments preserved within the Thirlmere Lakes system, Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area, Australia, are an important regional environmental record representing at least the last two interglacials. Understanding the source and evolution of these sediments, both temporally and spatially, is an essential component of the site's reconstruction. In this study, we evaluate this question using physical, mineralogical, elemental, and isotopic analytical techniques. Four distinct lake sediment facies all show bi-modal distributions of coarse sand and clay to fine silts, representing various mixtures of catchment Hawkesbury Sandstone and Ashfield Shale. Clays are predominantly kaolinite-dickite, however, the 7 Å dehydrated form of halloysite is prominent in an orange-yellow oxidised lake facies unit. The relative distribution and concentration of rare earth elements, including yttrium (REY), is heterogeneous across all the lake facies, varying between both lakes and with depth. This variability suggests a geochemical signature reflecting a combination of mixed sources and secondary mineral precipitation, driven by catchment geomorphology and specific site conditions. Slightly positive Ce anomalies in the oxidised lake facies, combined with the greater halloysite representation, represents a period of dry conditions and sub-aerial exposure. Evaluation of catchment, regional and continental REY ratios, Eu anomalies and εNd data implies a predominant internal catchment source signature, with any external contributions restricted to the local Bringelly Shale and the immediate south-eastern Australia, including the Murray River Basin. Geochemical and isotopic values for these proposed internal and external sediment sources predicts that an aeolian source from outside the immediate catchment represents a maximum of 30% of the fine-grained sediment fraction.

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清除尘埃:评估 Thirlmere 湖区第四纪沉积物中的本地来源与远距离来源
保存在澳大利亚大蓝山世界遗产区 Thirlmere 湖系统中的第四纪沉积物是重要的区域环境记录,至少代表了最近两次冰期。从时间和空间上了解这些沉积物的来源和演变是遗址重建的重要组成部分。在这项研究中,我们利用物理、矿物学、元素和同位素分析技术对这一问题进行了评估。四个不同的湖泊沉积物面都显示出粗砂、粘土和细淤泥的双模式分布,代表了集水区霍克斯伯里砂岩和阿什菲尔德页岩的各种混合物。粘土主要是高岭石-黝帘石,不过,在一个橙黄色的氧化湖泊面单元中,7 Å脱水形式的埃洛石非常突出。包括钇(REY)在内的稀土元素在所有湖泊面层中的相对分布和浓度是不均匀的,在两个湖泊之间以及随着深度的变化而变化。这种变化表明,在集水地貌和特定地点条件的驱动下,地球化学特征反映了混合源和二次矿物沉淀的结合。氧化湖面的 Ce 异常值略微偏正,再加上埃洛石的代表性较强,这表明这里曾经处于干燥和次大气暴露时期。对集水区、区域和大陆 REY 比率、Eu 异常和 εNd 数据的评估表明,内部集水区源特征占主导地位,任何外部贡献都仅限于当地的 Bringelly 页岩和紧邻的澳大利亚东南部,包括墨累河流域。根据这些拟议的内部和外部沉积物来源的地球化学和同位素值预测,来自附近集水区以外的风化源最多占细粒沉积物部分的 30%。
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来源期刊
Applied Geochemistry
Applied Geochemistry 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
8.80%
发文量
272
审稿时长
65 days
期刊介绍: Applied Geochemistry is an international journal devoted to publication of original research papers, rapid research communications and selected review papers in geochemistry and urban geochemistry which have some practical application to an aspect of human endeavour, such as the preservation of the environment, health, waste disposal and the search for resources. Papers on applications of inorganic, organic and isotope geochemistry and geochemical processes are therefore welcome provided they meet the main criterion. Spatial and temporal monitoring case studies are only of interest to our international readership if they present new ideas of broad application. Topics covered include: (1) Environmental geochemistry (including natural and anthropogenic aspects, and protection and remediation strategies); (2) Hydrogeochemistry (surface and groundwater); (3) Medical (urban) geochemistry; (4) The search for energy resources (in particular unconventional oil and gas or emerging metal resources); (5) Energy exploitation (in particular geothermal energy and CCS); (6) Upgrading of energy and mineral resources where there is a direct geochemical application; and (7) Waste disposal, including nuclear waste disposal.
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