Biotherapeutic Potential of Probiotic Yeast Saccharomyces boulardii Against Candida albicans Biofilm

Abstract

The potential of innovative and alternative probiotic-based antifungal drugs to treat severe biofilm-associated infections has increased demand in recent years. A potentially fatal systemic fungal disease, candidiasis mostly affects the skin and mucous membranes lining inside body cavities such as the nose, mouth, lips, eyes, ears, and genital area. Candida-induced biofilms are densely arranged communities with specific structures that adhere to the surfaces of embedded devices, are covered by an extracellular matrix, and act as an essential virulent factor. It is crucial to explore innovative approaches to aid in treating such fungal illnesses because conventional medications are no longer effective in treating candidiasis. Researchers have been driven to identify the triggers that cause biofilm to grow and mature due to the difficulties involved with biofilm-related disorders. There are still several challenges in Candidasis disease management in clinical settings. A potentially effective approach involves utilising probiotic microorganisms and/or their metabolites, including probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii. It has a significant role in the prevention or treatment of intestinal disorders. The virulence factors, hyphae production, adhesion, and biofilm development of Candida albicans, a significant human fungal pathogen, are influenced by S. boulardii cells and their metabolite, including capric acid. This article is exploring the biotherapeutic potential of probiotic, particularly S. boulardii against Candidiasis and highlighting the health benefits of probiotics on human health.