Assessment and theoretical interpretation of spoken discourse and cognitive skills in two adolescents with acquired brain injury.

IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI:10.1080/17549507.2024.2360080
Elizabeth Hill, Anne Whitworth, Mark Boyes, Mary Claessen
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Abstract

Purpose: Although discourse assessment is recommended, few tools exist for adolescent acquired brain injury (ABI) and few theories describe the contribution of cognition to discourse impairment. This study explored whether a novel discourse protocol can identify difficulties following ABI and whether a discourse processing model provides a useful account of impairment.

Method: Using a case-control design, two adolescent males with moderate ABI (12 and 14 years) were compared to a neurotypical sample on a range of language and cognitive assessments. Patterns in performance were interpreted using a theoretical model. Participants completed a standardised omnibus language assessment, discourse assessment, and battery of cognitive tasks.

Result: Analyses revealed significant differences in discourse and cognition between adolescents with and without ABI. No impairment was detected on a standardised language assessment. Patterns in discourse and cognition aligned with a contemporary model of discourse processing.

Conclusion: Participants with ABI demonstrated discourse deficits relative to the neurotypical reference sample. The findings demonstrate the value of discourse sampling across multiple genres and analysis of microlinguistic to superstructural features. A structure-building framework (SBF) model, originating in schizophrenia, provides a promising theory with which to interpret discourse impairment and has the potential to inform intervention for discourse in ABI.

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对两名后天性脑损伤青少年的口语表达和认知能力进行评估和理论解释。
目的:尽管建议进行话语评估,但针对青少年后天性脑损伤(ABI)的评估工具却很少,而且很少有理论能描述认知对话语障碍的影响。本研究探讨了一种新颖的话语协议是否能识别ABI后的困难,以及话语加工模型是否能对障碍提供有用的解释:方法:采用病例对照设计,将两名患有中度缺血性脑损伤的青少年男性(分别为 12 岁和 14 岁)与神经典型样本在一系列语言和认知评估方面进行比较。他们的表现模式是通过一个理论模型来解释的。受试者完成了标准化的综合语言评估、话语评估和一系列认知任务:结果:分析表明,患有和未患有阿尔茨海默病的青少年在话语和认知能力方面存在明显差异。在标准化语言评估中未发现任何障碍。话语和认知模式与当代话语处理模式一致:结论:与神经畸形参考样本相比,有肢体缺损的参与者表现出话语缺陷。研究结果表明,对多种体裁的话语取样以及从微观语言到超结构特征的分析具有重要价值。源于精神分裂症的结构构建框架(SBF)模型为解释话语障碍提供了一种有前景的理论,并有可能为ABI患者的话语干预提供参考。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY-REHABILITATION
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
16.70%
发文量
73
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology is an international journal which promotes discussion on a broad range of current clinical and theoretical issues. Submissions may include experimental, review and theoretical discussion papers, with studies from either quantitative and/or qualitative frameworks. Articles may relate to any area of child or adult communication or dysphagia, furthering knowledge on issues related to etiology, assessment, diagnosis, intervention, or theoretical frameworks. Articles can be accompanied by supplementary audio and video files that will be uploaded to the journal’s website. Special issues on contemporary topics are published at least once a year. A scientific forum is included in many issues, where a topic is debated by invited international experts.
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