On the Validity of the Pancake Models of the Falls of Cosmic Bodies in the Atmosphere

IF 0.6 4区物理与天体物理 Q4 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Solar System Research Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI:10.1134/s0038094624700485

V. V. Svettsov

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Abstract—

Semianalytical pancake models published in the literature are considered, in which it is assumed that a low-strength, fragmented body, like a liquid, expands during flight in the atmosphere and, while maintaining a certain simple shape and increasing the cross-sectional area, decelerates at much higher altitudes than a strong body. Individual models differ in the rate of increase in the transverse size of the body. For comparison with the models, hydrodynamic simulations of falls of liquid bodies with a diameter of 40 m in the Earth’s atmosphere were carried out without taking into account ablation. Such bodies, before they begin to slow down significantly, break up into fragments. Unlike simple models, while the body remains coherent, it can take on very distorted shapes. Comparison of pancake models with the results of hydrodynamic modeling allows us to determine the most suitable models for assessing the behavior of asteroids in the atmosphere and evaluate the assumptions embedded in them. In hydrodynamic modeling taking into account ablation, as shown by the results published in other works, complete evaporation of the body can first occur and, only then, the braking of the vapor jet. In pancake models, complete evaporation means the disappearance of mass and a complete stop of motion. The theoretical basis of these models needs to be revised.

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论宇宙天体在大气中坠落的薄饼模型的有效性

摘要--对文献中发表的半解析薄饼模型进行了研究，在这些模型中，假定一个像液体一样的低强度碎裂体在大气层中飞行时会膨胀，在保持一定的简单形状和增加横截面积的同时，会在比强度体高得多的高度减速。各个模型在机身横向尺寸的增加速度上有所不同。为了与模型进行比较，在不考虑烧蚀的情况下，对直径为 40 米的液态物体在地球大气层中的下落进行了流体力学模拟。这些物体在开始明显减速之前就会碎裂成碎片。与简单模型不同的是，虽然天体保持连贯，但它可能会呈现出非常扭曲的形状。通过比较薄饼模型和流体力学模型的结果，我们可以确定最适合用于评估小行星在大气层中的行为的模型，并对其中包含的假设进行评估。在考虑到烧蚀的流体力学模型中，正如其他著作中公布的结果所显示的那样，首先会发生天体的完全蒸发，然后才是蒸汽喷流的制动。在薄饼模型中，完全蒸发意味着质量消失和运动完全停止。这些模型的理论基础需要修改。

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来源期刊

Solar System Research 地学天文-天文与天体物理

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

33.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Solar System Research publishes articles concerning the bodies of the Solar System, i.e., planets and their satellites, asteroids, comets, meteoric substances, and cosmic dust. The articles consider physics, dynamics and composition of these bodies, and techniques of their exploration. The journal addresses the problems of comparative planetology, physics of the planetary atmospheres and interiors, cosmochemistry, as well as planetary plasma environment and heliosphere, specifically those related to solar-planetary interactions. Attention is paid to studies of exoplanets and complex problems of the origin and evolution of planetary systems including the solar system, based on the results of astronomical observations, laboratory studies of meteorites, relevant theoretical approaches and mathematical modeling. Alongside with the original results of experimental and theoretical studies, the journal publishes scientific reviews in the field of planetary exploration, and notes on observational results.