Socio-economic strategy for settlement of refugees amidst crisis: The case of Pak-Afghan

IF 1.9 Q3 MANAGEMENT Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI:10.1002/mcda.1836
Habib Tariq, Yousaf Ali, Antonella Petrillo, Fabio De Felice
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Abstract

Today, global concerns are at their peak due to the fast-growing number of refugees. The world faces the dilemma of the refugee crisis, which needs to be addressed by the United Nations (U.N.) sustainable development goals (SDGs). Pakistan hosts about 1.4 million registered refugees in camps and urban areas. The majority consist of Afghans who departed due to severe poverty, conflict, and security concerns. These refugees bring socio-economic distress to the host country. In order to comprehend the whole crisis, this study primarily focuses on three areas: the unstable political and security situation in the country of origin, the refugee concerns and their implications. This research is unique throughout the literature as it applies the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) tool to view the refugee crisis holistically. Results from ISM show that the ‘Political situation of Afghanistan’ is the most influential factor with very high driving power. Afterward, 10 resulting factors were opted from the ISM model, which demonstrate the implications on the host country. The relative importance index (RII) approach was used to rank the resultant factors. Ranking from RII depicts a significantly different impact of refugees while residing in urban areas. Using the Prisoner's dilemma of cooperative game theory (GT), this study concludes by recommending refugees to get registered and the host country to settle them in the local population. The use of cooperative GT with the nexus of ISM and RII is also exceptional and will be helpful for researchers and policymakers to resolve any conflict.

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危机中安置难民的社会经济战略:巴基斯坦-阿富汗案例
如今,难民人数的快速增长使全球关注达到了顶峰。全世界都面临着难民危机的困境,联合国(U.N. )可持续发展目标(SDGs)需要解决这一问题。巴基斯坦在难民营和城市地区收容了约 140 万登记难民。其中大部分是因严重贫困、冲突和安全问题而离开的阿富汗人。这些难民给东道国带来了社会经济困难。为了理解整个危机,本研究主要关注三个方面:原籍国不稳定的政治和安全局势、难民的担忧及其影响。本研究运用解释性结构建模(ISM)工具,从整体上看待难民危机,这在所有文献中是独一无二的。解释性结构模型的结果表明,"阿富汗的政治局势 "是最具影响力的因素,具有极高的驱动力。随后,从 ISM 模型中选出了 10 个结果因素,这些因素显示了对东道国的影响。采用相对重要性指数 (RII) 方法对结果因素进行排序。相对重要性指数的排序表明,难民居住在城市地区所产生的影响明显不同。利用合作博弈论(GT)中的囚徒困境,本研究得出结论,建议难民进行登记,并建议东道国将他们安置在当地人口中。将合作博弈论与 ISM 和 RII 的关系结合起来使用也是一种特殊的方法,将有助于研究人员和政策制定者解决任何冲突。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
10.00%
发文量
14
期刊介绍: The Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis was launched in 1992, and from the outset has aimed to be the repository of choice for papers covering all aspects of MCDA/MCDM. The journal provides an international forum for the presentation and discussion of all aspects of research, application and evaluation of multi-criteria decision analysis, and publishes material from a variety of disciplines and all schools of thought. Papers addressing mathematical, theoretical, and behavioural aspects are welcome, as are case studies, applications and evaluation of techniques and methodologies.
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Issue Information A Bibliometric Exploration of Multiple Criteria Decision Aid and Clustering—A Conceptual Taxonomy Monitoring Sustainable Development Goals: Stepwise Benchmarking Approach Charting the evolutionary conceptual pathway of analytic network process research: A main path analysis Socio-economic strategy for settlement of refugees amidst crisis: The case of Pak-Afghan
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