Statistical Localization of Electromagnetic Signals in Disordered Time-Varying Cavity

Abstract

In this letter, we investigate the statistical properties of electromagnetic signals after different times of duration within one-dimensional local-disordered time-varying cavities, where both spatial and temporal disorders are added. Our findings reveal that, in the vast majority of cases, adequate temporal disorder in local space can make the electromagnetic field statistically localized, obeying a normal distribution at a specific point in time of arbitrary location within the cavity. We employ the concept of disordered space-time crystals and leverage Lindeberg's and Lyapunov's theorems to theoretically prove the normal distribution of the field values. Furthermore, we find that with the increase of energy provided by time variation, the probability of extreme fields will significantly increase and the field intensity eventually is de-normalized, that is, deviating from the normal distribution. This study not only sheds light on the statistical properties of transient signals in local-disordered time-varying systems but also paves the way for further exploration in wave dynamics of analogous systems.