Does concomitant meniscus repair and meniscectomy show different efficacy in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Aims

Currently, it is advised to perform meniscal repair instead of meniscectomy in certain cases of primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). However, the level of evidence is low. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of meniscectomy and meniscus repair in addition to ACLR.

Methods

The systematic search was conducted in three online databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane) from inception until October 2021 for the literature on primary ACLR and concomitant meniscal surgery. Eligible studies compared the following outcomes between meniscal repair and meniscectomy groups: the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, and KT-arthrometer examinations. Lastly, we calculated pooled mean differences (MDs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) from the change between pre- and post-intervention values.

Results

Of 10,565 studies, 22 met the inclusion criteria, with a follow-up between 6 and 43 months. We found no difference when comparing the KOOS subscale changes—only in the KOOS pain subscale (MD = −1.6; CI: −2.48, −0.72). However, these results were not clinically significant. We analyzed the lateral and media meniscal injuries separately and concluded the same results regarding KOOS changes. We found no significant differences in the Lysholm score change (MD = −2.61; CI: −5.51, 0.29), changes in IKDC score (MD = 1.08; CI: −4.05, 6.21) or the change for the KT-arthrometer side-to-side difference (MD = −0.50; CI: −1.06, 0.06).

Conclusion

Based on our result, we did not find a clinically significant difference between meniscus repair and meniscectomy during primary ACLR regarding patient-reported outcomes in a short-term follow-up.

Translational potential

Our research supports the prompt integration of findings into clinical practice for treating meniscus injuries during ACL reconstruction. We recommend considering both meniscus repair and meniscectomy, as the available data indicate their effectiveness. Further studies are necessary to assess the long-term impacts, particularly on osteoarthritis, and to identify patient subgroups that may benefit most from each technique.