[Clinical and genetic analysis of a child with Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis due to a novel variant of PLCE1 gene].

Abstract

Objective: To explore the genetic basis and clinical phenotype of a Chinese pedigree affected with Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).

Methods: A male patient who was admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University on July 26, 2018 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the patient was collected. Next generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were carried out to detect the variant sites. Bioinformatic software was used to simulate the effect of candidate variant on the protein functions.

Results: Ultrasound exam of the patient showed enhanced echo for the renal parenchyma. Kidney biopsy had confirmed the pathological diagnosis of FSGS (non-specific). Electronic microscopy displayed segmental sclerosis of the glomeruli, mild hyperplasia of mesangial cells and matrix. The proband was found to harbor two novel variants of the PLCE1 gene, namely c.3199delA (p.N1067Mfs*15) and c.4441_4443delATC (p.1481_1481del), which were respectively inherited from his mother and father. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), both variants were rated as pathogenic (PVS1+PM2_Supporting+PP3; PM2_Supporting+PM3+PP3). Bioinformatic simulation suggested that both variants could significantly affect the tertiary structure of the PLCE1 protein.

Conclusion: The c.4441_4443delATC and c.3199delA variants of the PLCE1 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of the FSGS in this pedigree.