Examining the relationship between functional connectivity and broader autistic traits in non-autistic children.

IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Child Neuropsychology Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI:10.1080/09297049.2024.2386072
Meagan E Beckerson, Anastasia N Kerr-German, Aaron T Buss
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Abstract

In the current study, we used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine functional connectivity (FC) in relation to measures of cognitive flexibility and autistic features in non-autistic children. Previous research suggests that disruptions in FC between brain regions may underlie the cognitive and behavioral traits of autism. Moreover, research has identified a broader autistic phenotype (BAP), which refers to a set of behavioral traits that fall along a continuum of behaviors typical for autism but which do not cross a clinically relevant threshold. Thus, by examining FC in relation to the BAP in non-autistic children, we can better understand the spectrum of behaviors related to this condition and their neural basis. Results indicated age-related differences in performance across three measures of cognitive flexibility, as expected given the rapid development of this skill within this time period. Additionally, results showed that across the flexibility tasks, measures of autistic traits were associated with weaker FC along the executive control network, though task performance was not associated with FC. These results suggest that behavioral scores may be less sensitive than neural measures to autistic traits. Further, these results corroborate the use of broader autistic traits and the BAP to better understand disruptions to neural function associated with autism.

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研究非自闭症儿童的功能连接与更广泛的自闭症特征之间的关系。
在本研究中,我们使用功能性近红外光谱(fNIRS)检查了功能连通性(FC)与非自闭症儿童认知灵活性和自闭症特征测量的关系。以往的研究表明,大脑区域之间的功能连接紊乱可能是自闭症认知和行为特征的基础。此外,研究还发现了一种更广泛的自闭症表型(BAP),它指的是一系列行为特征,这些特征属于自闭症典型行为的连续统一体,但并未跨越临床相关阈值。因此,通过研究非自闭症儿童的 FC 与 BAP 的关系,我们可以更好地了解与自闭症相关的行为谱系及其神经基础。结果表明,在认知灵活性的三项测量中,表现的年龄差异与认知灵活性的快速发展有关,这也在意料之中。此外,结果表明,在灵活性任务中,自闭症特质的测量与执行控制网络的功能减弱有关,尽管任务表现与功能减弱无关。这些结果表明,行为评分对自闭症特质的敏感度可能低于神经评分。此外,这些结果还证实了使用更广泛的自闭症特征和 BAP 可以更好地了解与自闭症相关的神经功能紊乱。
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来源期刊
Child Neuropsychology
Child Neuropsychology 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
9.10%
发文量
71
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The purposes of Child Neuropsychology are to: publish research on the neuropsychological effects of disorders which affect brain functioning in children and adolescents, publish research on the neuropsychological dimensions of development in childhood and adolescence and promote the integration of theory, method and research findings in child/developmental neuropsychology. The primary emphasis of Child Neuropsychology is to publish original empirical research. Theoretical and methodological papers and theoretically relevant case studies are welcome. Critical reviews of topics pertinent to child/developmental neuropsychology are encouraged. Emphases of interest include the following: information processing mechanisms; the impact of injury or disease on neuropsychological functioning; behavioral cognitive and pharmacological approaches to treatment/intervention; psychosocial correlates of neuropsychological dysfunction; definitive normative, reliability, and validity studies of psychometric and other procedures used in the neuropsychological assessment of children and adolescents. Articles on both normal and dysfunctional development that are relevant to the aforementioned dimensions are welcome. Multiple approaches (e.g., basic, applied, clinical) and multiple methodologies (e.g., cross-sectional, longitudinal, experimental, multivariate, correlational) are appropriate. Books, media, and software reviews will be published.
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