Overview and Approaches for Handling of Animal Models of Leishmaniasis.

Mark A Suckow, Iris D Bolton, Mary Ann McDowell
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Abstract

Leishmaniasis, a disease of global relevance, results from infection with the protozoan parasite, Leishmania, which is transmitted to susceptible hosts through the bite of sand flies. Multiple forms of leishmaniasis may occur, including cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral. Research with animal models remains an important approach to help define basic pathophysi- ologic processes associated with infection and disease. In this regard, mice and hamsters represent the most commonly used models. The severity of leishmaniasis in animal models depends on several factors, including genotype of the host and parasite and the dose and route of administration of the parasite to the host, and severity of outcome may range from subclinical to severe illness. This review provides basic background on leishmaniasis, relevant animal models, the pathophysiology and clinical signs in animals used as models of leishmaniasis, and general approaches to mitigate risk to personnel.

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利什曼病动物模型处理概述和方法。
利什曼病是一种全球性疾病,由原生寄生虫利什曼原虫感染引起,通过沙蝇叮咬传播给易感宿主。利什曼病可分为多种形式,包括皮肤型、粘膜型和内脏型。动物模型研究仍然是帮助确定与感染和疾病相关的基本病理生理过程的重要方法。在这方面,小鼠和仓鼠是最常用的模型。利什曼病在动物模型中的严重程度取决于多种因素,包括宿主和寄生虫的基因型以及寄生虫对宿主的给药剂量和途径。本综述介绍利什曼病的基本背景、相关动物模型、用作利什曼病模型的动物的病理生理学和临床症状,以及降低人员风险的一般方法。
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