Assessing Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) Symptoms Using the Nine Item ARFID Screen in >9000 Swedish Adults With and Without Eating Disorders

IF 4.7 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS International Journal of Eating Disorders Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI:10.1002/eat.24274

Emily K. Presseller, Gabrielle E. Cooper, Laura M. Thornton, Andreas Birgegård, Afrouz Abbaspour, Cynthia M. Bulik, Emma Forsén Mantilla, Lisa Dinkler

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Abstract

Objective

The Nine Item ARFID Scale (NIAS) is a widely used measure assessing symptoms of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). Previous studies suggest that individuals with eating disorders driven by shape/weight concerns also have elevated scores on the NIAS. To further describe NIAS scores among individuals with diverse current and previous eating disorders, we characterized NIAS scores in a large sample of individuals with eating disorders and evaluated overlap in symptoms measured by the NIAS and the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) version 6.0.

Method

Our sample comprised 9148 participants from the Eating Disorders Genetics Initiative Sweden (EDGI-SE), who completed surveys including NIAS and EDE-Q. NIAS scores were calculated and compared by eating disorder diagnostic group using descriptive statistics and linear models.

Results

Participants with current anorexia nervosa demonstrated the highest mean NIAS scores and had the greatest proportion (57.0%) of individuals scoring above a clinical cutoff on at least one of the NIAS subscales. Individuals with bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and other specified feeding or eating disorder also demonstrated elevated NIAS scores compared to individuals with no lifetime history of an eating disorder (ps < 0.05). All subscales of the NIAS showed small to moderate correlations with all subscales of the EDE-Q (rs = 0.26–0.40).

Discussion

Our results substantiate that individuals with eating disorders other than ARFID demonstrate elevated scores on the NIAS, suggesting that this tool is inadequate on its own for differentiating ARFID from shape/weight-motivated eating disorders. Further research is needed to inform clinical interventions addressing the co-occurrence of ARFID-related drivers and shape/weight-related motivation for dietary restriction.

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使用九项 ARFID 筛查对超过 9000 名患有和未患有进食障碍的瑞典成年人进行回避/限制性食物摄入障碍 (ARFID) 症状评估。

目的：九项ARFID量表（NIAS）是一种广泛使用的评估回避/限制性食物摄入障碍（ARFID）症状的量表。以往的研究表明，因关注体型/体重而导致饮食失调的患者在 NIAS 上的得分也会升高。为了进一步描述不同饮食失调症患者的 NIAS 分数，我们对大量饮食失调症患者样本的 NIAS 分数进行了特征描述，并评估了 NIAS 和饮食失调症检查-问卷（EDE-Q）6.0 版所测症状的重叠情况：我们的样本包括来自瑞典进食障碍基因倡议（EDGI-SE）的 9148 名参与者，他们填写了包括 NIAS 和 EDE-Q 的调查问卷。采用描述性统计和线性模型计算NIAS得分，并按进食障碍诊断组进行比较：目前患有神经性厌食症的参与者的 NIAS 平均得分最高，在 NIAS 分量表中至少有一个量表的得分超过临床临界值的比例最高（57.0%）。与终生没有饮食失调病史的人相比，患有神经性贪食症、暴饮暴食症和其他特定进食或饮食失调症的人的 NIAS 分数也较高（PS 讨论）：我们的研究结果证实，除 ARFID 外，患有其他进食障碍的人在 NIAS 中的得分也会升高，这表明该工具本身不足以区分 ARFID 和以形体/体重为动机的进食障碍。我们需要进一步的研究来为临床干预提供信息，以解决与 ARFID 相关的驱动因素和与体型/体重相关的饮食限制动机同时存在的问题。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Eating Disorders 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

10.00

自引率

12.70%

发文量

204

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Articles featured in the journal describe state-of-the-art scientific research on theory, methodology, etiology, clinical practice, and policy related to eating disorders, as well as contributions that facilitate scholarly critique and discussion of science and practice in the field. Theoretical and empirical work on obesity or healthy eating falls within the journal’s scope inasmuch as it facilitates the advancement of efforts to describe and understand, prevent, or treat eating disorders. IJED welcomes submissions from all regions of the world and representing all levels of inquiry (including basic science, clinical trials, implementation research, and dissemination studies), and across a full range of scientific methods, disciplines, and approaches.