Amy Solnica, Michal Liebergall-Wischnitzer, Noam Shussman
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is a result of removing part or most of the rectum as a treatment for rectal cancer that negatively impacts quality of life. There is a lack of standardized nursing symptom-specific self-care recommendations for patients suffering from LARS.
Objective: The aim of this study was to map the existing research regarding nursing guidelines and symptom-specific recommendations for LARS self-care.
Methods: A systematic scoping review using 4 comprehensive databases (ProQuest, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science) was completed using the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Applying specified search terms, relevant articles were extracted using criteria and entered into an Excel database.
Results: Three publications met the study inclusion criteria: 1 randomized controlled pilot study; 1 nonrandomized, retrospective pilot study; and 1 retrospective, comparative, cross-sectional study. No professional nursing guidelines were found, but 3 nurse-led management programs were reviewed. Publications provided self-care nursing recommendations for all LARS symptoms except for repeated painful stools/tenesmus, soiling, or discrimination disorders/flatulence. Combination of nursing self-care recommendations included dietary/lifestyle modifications, fiber supplements/bulking agents, antidiarrheal and laxative over-the-counter medications, and pelvic floor muscle exercises.
Conclusions: When mapping the literature, there appears to be nurse-led management programs and recommendations for self-care for patients with LARS for almost all symptoms. Yet, there are no standardized recommendations.
Implications for practice: Professional nursing practice guidelines for all symptoms are lacking. Nursing recommendations for self-care of LARS exist and need to be expanded and standardized to include all symptoms. Further research regarding comprehensive nursing self-care recommendations and management is warranted.
背景：低位前切除综合征（LARS）是在治疗直肠癌时切除部分或大部分直肠的结果，对患者的生活质量有负面影响。目前缺乏针对 LARS 患者症状的标准化自我护理建议：本研究旨在绘制有关 LARS 自我护理的护理指南和特定症状建议的现有研究图：方法：使用 4 个综合数据库（ProQuest、EMBASE、PubMed 和 Web of Science），按照范围界定综述的 PRISMA 扩展指南完成了一项系统性范围界定综述。根据指定的搜索条件，按照标准提取相关文章并输入 Excel 数据库：结果：3 篇出版物符合研究纳入标准：1 项随机对照试验研究；1 项非随机回顾性试验研究；1 项回顾性比较横断面研究。未发现专业护理指南，但审查了 3 项护士主导的管理计划。除了反复便痛/排便不畅、便秘或辨别障碍/胀气外，其他所有 LARS 症状的护理自我护理建议均已发表。综合护理自我保健建议包括饮食/生活方式调整、纤维补充剂/缓泻剂、止泻和通便非处方药物以及盆底肌肉锻炼：在对文献进行梳理后发现，护士主导的管理计划和自我护理建议似乎适用于几乎所有症状的 LARS 患者。然而，目前还没有标准化的建议：缺乏针对所有症状的专业护理实践指南。目前已有针对 LARS 自我护理的护理建议，但需要扩展和标准化，以包括所有症状。有关综合护理自我护理建议和管理的进一步研究是有必要的。
期刊介绍：
Each bimonthly issue of Cancer Nursing™ addresses the whole spectrum of problems arising in the care and support of cancer patients--prevention and early detection, geriatric and pediatric cancer nursing, medical and surgical oncology, ambulatory care, nutritional support, psychosocial aspects of cancer, patient responses to all treatment modalities, and specific nursing interventions. The journal offers unparalleled coverage of cancer care delivery practices worldwide, as well as groundbreaking research findings and their practical applications.
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