Associations between childbirth, gang exposure and substance use among young women in Cape Town, South Africa.

IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 SUBSTANCE ABUSE Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI:10.1186/s13011-024-00610-0
Felicia A Browne, Tara Carney, Bronwyn Myers, Courtney Peasant Bonner, Wendee M Wechsberg
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Abstract

The prevalence and influence of gangs on adolescents and young adults remain a concern in Western Cape, South Africa-particularly as they have one of the largest gang presence. While less attention has been focused on young women, there is a need to elucidate the relationship between gang exposure and health behaviors, such substance use, in addition to understanding whether becoming a caregiver impacts this relationship. This study uses baseline data from 496 participants enrolled in a NIDA-funded R01 trial that recruited young women aged 16 to 19 who were out of school and reported recent alcohol or other drug use and sexual risk behavior. At enrollment, a risk behavior survey was administered, and urine drug screening was conducted. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine baseline associations between childbirth, a gang exposure index based on eight items, and positive drug screens of the most prevalent drugs in the Western Cape (marijuana, methaqualone, and methamphetamine). At enrollment, approximately 39% of the sample had a positive urine screen for marijuana, 17% for methaqualone, and 11% for methamphetamine. Additionally, 28% had ever given birth. While only 6% reported ever being a member of a gang, most reported exposure to gangs through their physical and social environments. For all three drugs, gang exposure was associated with statistically significantly higher odds of a positive screen. Every one-point increase in the gang exposure index was associated with a 31% increase in the odds of a positive marijuana screen (p < .001), a 26% increase for methaqualone (p = 0.005) and a 37% increase in the odds of a positive methamphetamine screen (p < .001). Ever given birth was associated with lower odds of marijuana use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.42-0.96), but it was not associated with methaqualone or methamphetamine use. The findings suggest that exposure to gangs through young women's social and physical environment is positively associated with drug use. Childbirth was also protective for marijuana use, indicating there may be something unique about this type of drug, such as one's ability to more easily stop use. Although very few young women reported gang membership, a majority reported some exposure, indicating the need to address how pervasive this exposure is and the potential risk.

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南非开普敦年轻女性的生育、帮派接触和药物使用之间的关系。
在南非西开普省,帮派的盛行及其对青少年和年轻成年人的影响仍然是一个令人担忧的问题,尤其是因为该地区是帮派势力最大的地区之一。虽然对年轻女性的关注较少,但有必要阐明黑帮接触与健康行为(如药物使用)之间的关系,并了解成为照顾者是否会影响这种关系。本研究使用了 496 名参与者的基线数据,这些参与者参加了一项由国家药品管理局资助的 R01 试验,该试验招募了 16 至 19 岁的失学年轻女性,她们报告了最近的酒精或其他药物使用情况以及性危险行为。在注册时,他们接受了一项危险行为调查,并进行了尿液药物筛查。研究人员进行了多变量逻辑回归分析,以检验分娩、基于八个项目的帮派接触指数和西开普省最流行的毒品(大麻、甲喹酮和甲基苯丙胺)筛查结果呈阳性之间的基线关联。入学时,约 39% 的样本尿检结果呈大麻阳性,17% 呈甲喹酮阳性,11% 呈甲基苯丙胺阳性。此外,28%的人曾经生育过。虽然只有 6% 的人称自己曾是帮派成员,但大多数人都称自己曾在物质和社会环境中接触过帮派。在所有三种毒品中,接触帮派与筛查结果呈阳性的几率有显著的统计学关联。帮派接触指数每增加一个点,大麻筛查呈阳性的几率就会增加 31%(P<0.05)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
73
审稿时长
19 weeks
期刊介绍: Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that encompasses research concerning substance abuse, with a focus on policy issues. The journal aims to provide an environment for the exchange of ideas, new research, consensus papers, and critical reviews, to bridge the established fields that share a mutual goal of reducing the harms from substance use. These fields include: legislation pertaining to substance use; correctional supervision of people with substance use disorder; medical treatment and screening; mental health services; research; and evaluation of substance use disorder programs.
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