A Prospective Evaluation of the Effects of Outdoor Adventure Training Programs on Work-Related Outcomes

Abstract

Outdoor adventure (OA) programs are popular for workforce education and training. Despite the demand, there remains limited research evaluating their effectiveness for occupational training. Using a prospective mixed methods design, this study explored the effects of OA training on work-related outcomes through validated questionnaires and interviews. Measures were also taken immediately before and after engagement to capture change in participants’ subjective reactions to the program, with further appraisals collected 1-week after. Twenty-seven participants were recruited from three different organizations. Generally, participants responded favorably to the program and reported positive affective and cognitive states after participation, although appraisals varied across the sample. The program had a small effect on teamwork self-efficacy at 1-week ( g = 0.36) and medium effect at 2-month follow-up ( g = 0.69). A medium effect size was observed for workplace self-efficacy at 1-week follow-up ( g = 0.63), but this diminished over time ( g = 0.48). No meaningful effects were found for workplace performance, motivation, and engagement. Findings from the qualitative data suggested the experience enhanced team dynamics, provided a sense of accomplishment, and offered an outlet to disconnect from the workplace. The results offer insights into the benefits, limitations, and practical applications of OA training in occupational settings.