Emanuela Talarico, Alice Zambelli, Fabrizio Araniti, Eleonora Greco, A. Chiappetta, Leonardo Bruno
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Abstract
Environmental stress significantly affects plant growth, development, and survival. Plants respond to stressors such as temperature fluctuations, water scarcity, nutrient deficiencies, and pathogen attacks through intricate molecular and physiological adaptations. Epigenetic mechanisms are crucial in regulating gene expression in response to environmental stress. This review explores the current understanding of epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, and their roles in modulating gene expression patterns under environmental stress conditions. The dynamic nature of epigenetic modifications, their crosstalk with stress-responsive pathways, and their potential implications for plant adaptation and crop improvement are highlighted in the face of changing environmental conditions.
环境胁迫会严重影响植物的生长、发育和存活。植物通过复杂的分子和生理适应来应对温度波动、缺水、营养缺乏和病原体侵袭等压力。表观遗传机制是调节基因表达以应对环境胁迫的关键。本综述探讨了目前对表观遗传修饰（包括 DNA 甲基化）及其在环境胁迫条件下调节基因表达模式的作用的认识。文中强调了表观遗传修饰的动态性质、它们与胁迫响应途径之间的相互影响，以及它们在面对不断变化的环境条件时对植物适应性和作物改良的潜在影响。
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