Adaptive unified gas-kinetic scheme for diatomic gases with rotational and vibrational nonequilibrium

IF 7.2 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Computer Physics Communications Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.1016/j.cpc.2024.109324
Yufeng Wei , Wenpei Long , Kun Xu
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Abstract

Multiscale nonequilibrium physics at large variations of local Knudsen number are encountered in applications of aerospace engineering and micro-electro-mechanical systems, such as high-speed flying vehicles and low pressure of the encapsulation. An accurate description of flow physics in all flow regimes within a single computation requires a genuinely multiscale method. The adaptive unified gas-kinetic scheme (AUGKS) is developed for such multiscale flow simulation. The AUGKS applies discretized velocity space to accurately capture the non-equilibrium physics in the multiscale UGKS, and adaptively employs continuous distribution functions following Chapman–Enskog expansion to efficiently recover near-equilibrium flow region in GKS. The UGKS and GKS are dynamically connected at the cell interface through the fluxes from the discretized and continuous gas distribution functions, which avoids any buffer zone between them. In this study, the AUGKS with rotation and vibration non-equilibrium is developed based on a multiple temperature relaxation model. The real gas effect in different flow regimes has been properly captured. To capture aerodynamic heating accurately, the heat flux modifications from the rotation and vibration modes are also included in the current scheme. Unstructured discrete particle velocity space is adopted to further improve the computational performance of the AUGKS. Numerical tests, including Sod tube, normal shock structure, high-speed flow around the two-dimensional cylinder and three-dimensional sphere and space vehicles, and an unsteady nozzle plume flow from the continuum flow to the background vacuum, have been conducted to validate the current scheme. In comparison with the original UGKS, the current scheme speeds up the computation, reduces the memory requirement, and maintains the equivalent accuracy for multiscale flow simulation, which provides an effective tool for nonequilibrium flow simulations, especially for the flows at low and medium speed.

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具有旋转和振动非平衡的双原子气体的自适应统一气体动力学方案
在航空航天工程和微型机电系统(如高速飞行器和低压封装)的应用中,会遇到局部努森数变化较大的多尺度非平衡物理学问题。要在一次计算中准确描述所有流动状态下的流动物理,需要一种真正的多尺度方法。自适应统一气体动力学方案(AUGKS)就是为这种多尺度流动模拟而开发的。AUGKS 采用离散化速度空间来准确捕捉多尺度 UGKS 中的非平衡态物理,并在 Chapman-Enskog 扩展后自适应地采用连续分布函数来有效恢复 GKS 中的近平衡流动区域。通过离散和连续气体分布函数的通量,UGKS 和 GKS 在单元界面上动态连接,从而避免了它们之间的缓冲区。本研究基于多重温度弛豫模型开发了具有旋转和振动非平衡特性的 AUGKS。不同流动状态下的真实气体效应已被正确捕捉。为了准确捕捉空气动力加热,旋转和振动模式的热通量修正也被纳入了当前的方案。非结构化离散粒子速度空间的采用进一步提高了 AUGKS 的计算性能。为了验证当前方案,进行了包括 Sod 管、法向冲击结构、围绕二维圆柱体和三维球体的高速流动以及空间飞行器、从连续流到背景真空的非稳定喷嘴羽流等在内的数值试验。与原始 UGKS 相比,当前方案加快了计算速度,减少了内存需求,并保持了多尺度流动模拟的等效精度,为非平衡流动模拟,尤其是中低速流动模拟提供了有效工具。
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来源期刊
Computer Physics Communications
Computer Physics Communications 物理-计算机:跨学科应用
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
3.20%
发文量
287
审稿时长
5.3 months
期刊介绍: The focus of CPC is on contemporary computational methods and techniques and their implementation, the effectiveness of which will normally be evidenced by the author(s) within the context of a substantive problem in physics. Within this setting CPC publishes two types of paper. Computer Programs in Physics (CPiP) These papers describe significant computer programs to be archived in the CPC Program Library which is held in the Mendeley Data repository. The submitted software must be covered by an approved open source licence. Papers and associated computer programs that address a problem of contemporary interest in physics that cannot be solved by current software are particularly encouraged. Computational Physics Papers (CP) These are research papers in, but are not limited to, the following themes across computational physics and related disciplines. mathematical and numerical methods and algorithms; computational models including those associated with the design, control and analysis of experiments; and algebraic computation. Each will normally include software implementation and performance details. The software implementation should, ideally, be available via GitHub, Zenodo or an institutional repository.In addition, research papers on the impact of advanced computer architecture and special purpose computers on computing in the physical sciences and software topics related to, and of importance in, the physical sciences may be considered.
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