Molecular Crosstalk of Jasmonate with Major Phytohormones and Plant Growth Regulators During Diverse Stress Responses

Abstract

Phytohormones are natural signaling molecules, developed and deployed by plants to tackle diverse biotic and abiotic stresses, thus holding great significance. Over the past few decades, growing evidence has suggested that jasmonates, a comparatively newer class of stress-responsive phytohormone, are involved in a multifaceted role of physio-biochemical processes consolidated so far in plants. Jasmonates are known to interact with five major phytohormones, often called “the big five” such as auxin, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid and ethylene, as well as plant growth regulators (PGRs) including brassinosteroids, strigolactones, salicylic acid, nitric oxide, melatonin, polyamines and hydrogen sulfide for resource allocation to maintain a dynamic balance between basal growth and plant defense response under suboptimal conditions. The detailed knowledge of coordinated relationships among multiple phytohormones along with PGRs and their interconnected networks by means of synergistic and antagonistic actions is crucial for understanding plant adaptations during environmentally challenged situations. In the present review, we provide a broad overview of jasmonate signaling pathways, starting from biosynthesis, metabolism and signal transduction pathways, together with the intricate crosstalk mechanism among jasmonates, major phytohormones and PGRs, based on recent advancements in research. The molecular basis of crosstalk and the key components of signaling pathways are also discussed in this review, which can be utilized for better stress management programs through the manipulation of phytohormone signaling under hostile environment.