{"title":"Features of Powder Synthesis in ZnO–SnO2 System","authors":"V. V. Anisimov, N. A. Makarov, E. K. Zabaluev","doi":"10.1134/S207511332470045X","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The effect of the anionic composition of zinc salts upon interaction with tin(IV) chloride on the production of zinc orthostannate by the sol-gel method under the influence of microwave radiation is studied. It is determined that the temperature at which the synthesis of zinc orthostannate begins depends on the type of zinc-containing salt used and is 800°C for zinc sulfate and zinc acetate and 900°C for zinc nitrate. It is revealed that, when using zinc chloride, the formation of tetra-ammine zinc chloride occurs, which decomposes during roasting and does not allow synthesizing the target product. When synthesizing complex oxides from simple ones, the difference in the diffusion coefficients of Zn<sup>2+</sup> and Sn<sup>4+</sup> cations leads not only to the Kirkendall and Frenkel effects but also to a deviation from stoichiometry (γ nonstoichiometry). From a mixture of simple oxides of stoichiometric composition, a solid solution of zinc oxide is formed in the stoichiometric compound 2ZnO·SnO<sub>2</sub> and a phase consisting of tin oxide or enriched in it.</p>","PeriodicalId":586,"journal":{"name":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","volume":"15 4","pages":"954 - 963"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Inorganic Materials: Applied Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S207511332470045X","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract—The effect of the anionic composition of zinc salts upon interaction with tin(IV) chloride on the production of zinc orthostannate by the sol-gel method under the influence of microwave radiation is studied. It is determined that the temperature at which the synthesis of zinc orthostannate begins depends on the type of zinc-containing salt used and is 800°C for zinc sulfate and zinc acetate and 900°C for zinc nitrate. It is revealed that, when using zinc chloride, the formation of tetra-ammine zinc chloride occurs, which decomposes during roasting and does not allow synthesizing the target product. When synthesizing complex oxides from simple ones, the difference in the diffusion coefficients of Zn2+ and Sn4+ cations leads not only to the Kirkendall and Frenkel effects but also to a deviation from stoichiometry (γ nonstoichiometry). From a mixture of simple oxides of stoichiometric composition, a solid solution of zinc oxide is formed in the stoichiometric compound 2ZnO·SnO2 and a phase consisting of tin oxide or enriched in it.
期刊介绍：
Inorganic Materials: Applied Research contains translations of research articles devoted to applied aspects of inorganic materials. Best articles are selected from four Russian periodicals: Materialovedenie, Perspektivnye Materialy, Fizika i Khimiya Obrabotki Materialov, and Voprosy Materialovedeniya and translated into English. The journal reports recent achievements in materials science: physical and chemical bases of materials science; effects of synergism in composite materials; computer simulations; creation of new materials (including carbon-based materials and ceramics, semiconductors, superconductors, composite materials, polymers, materials for nuclear engineering, materials for aircraft and space engineering, materials for quantum electronics, materials for electronics and optoelectronics, materials for nuclear and thermonuclear power engineering, radiation-hardened materials, materials for use in medicine, etc.); analytical techniques; structure–property relationships; nanostructures and nanotechnologies; advanced technologies; use of hydrogen in structural materials; and economic and environmental issues. The journal also considers engineering issues of materials processing with plasma, high-gradient crystallization, laser technology, and ultrasonic technology. Currently the journal does not accept direct submissions, but submissions to one of the source journals is possible.
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