Growth Status of Full-Term Infants with Different Sizes for Gestational Age During the First Year of Life.

IF 1.7 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics Pub Date : 2024-08-08 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.2147/PHMT.S468778
Zhuo-Ren Zhou, Yong Guo
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Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess the growth of full-term infants with different sizes at birth and examine catch-up and catch-down growth in their first year.

Methods: This retrospective population-based cohort study was based on the Guangdong Provincial Women and Children Health Information System. 194797 full-term singleton live births were extracted. Measurements for weight and length were taken at birth, 6 months, and 12 months. The size-for-gestational age was categorized as small (SGA, <10th centile), appropriate (AGA, 10th-90th centiles), or large (LGA, >90th centile) based on the international newborn size for gestational age and sex INTERGROWTH-21st standards. Catch-up and catch- down growth were defined as a change in standard deviation in z-score greater than 0.67 in the growth curves.

Results: Of the 194797 full-term singletons, the average gestational age was 39.28 ± 1.03 weeks, and the average weight of the newborns was 3205 ± 383 grams. 15632 infants were identified as SGA (8.0%) and 12756 were LGA (6.5%). At 1 year of age, catch-up growth in weight was observed in 63.0% of SGA infants, 29.5% of AGA infants, and 5.4% of LGA infants. Conversely, catch-down growth occurred in 3.3% of SGA infants, 17.8% of AGA infants, and 54.7% of LGA infants. The proportions of catch-up growth in length for SGA, AGA, and LGA infants within the first year were 31.4%, 22.5%, and 17.1%, respectively. Catch-up or catch-down growth predominantly occurred before 6 months of age. However, from 6 to 12 months, there was no significant variation in WAZ among children with different birth sizes.

Conclusion: In their first year of life, full-term singleton live births tend towards regression to the mean in their postnatal weight and length. The average delay in the growth of LGA is compensated by an increase in it of the SGA. Early monitoring and intervention are crucial for optimizing growth in infants with different birth sizes.

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不同胎龄的足月婴儿在出生后第一年的生长状况。
研究目的本研究旨在评估不同体型的足月儿出生时的生长情况,并研究其第一年的追赶和下降生长情况:这项基于人群的回顾性队列研究以广东省妇幼卫生信息系统为基础。抽取了 194797 名足月单胎活产婴儿。分别在出生、6 个月和 12 个月时测量体重和身长。根据国际新生儿胎龄性别体型标准 INTERGROWTH-21st 将胎龄性别体型分为小(SGA,第 90 百分位数)。追赶型和追减型生长的定义是生长曲线中z-score的标准差变化大于0.67:在 194797 名足月单胎婴儿中,平均胎龄为 39.28±1.03 周,新生儿平均体重为 3205±383 克。15632 名婴儿被鉴定为 SGA(8.0%),12756 名为 LGA(6.5%)。1 岁时,63.0% 的 SGA 婴儿、29.5% 的 AGA 婴儿和 5.4% 的 LGA 婴儿的体重出现追赶性增长。相反,3.3% 的 SGA 婴儿、17.8% 的 AGA 婴儿和 54.7% 的 LGA 婴儿出现了体重下降。SGA、AGA 和 LGA 婴儿在第一年内身长追赶增长的比例分别为 31.4%、22.5% 和 17.1%。追赶性或追赶性生长主要发生在 6 个月之前。然而,从 6 个月到 12 个月,不同出生体型婴儿的 WAZ 没有明显差异:结论:在出生后第一年,足月单胎活产婴儿的体重和身长都有向平均值回归的趋势。LGA 的平均生长延迟可通过 SGA 的增长得到补偿。早期监测和干预对于优化不同出生体型婴儿的生长至关重要。
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