Use of group A thawed plasma in emergency transfusions at a pediatric quaternary care center.

Abstract

Background: Balanced plasma/red blood cell transfusions have shown survival benefit in emergency scenarios. To improve plasma availability, we implemented 5-day group A thawed plasma at our pediatric hospital in February 2021.

Study design and methods: We maintain thawed group A plasma units (5-day shelf-life) ready for immediate issue in the blood bank (since February 2021) and trauma code room (since August 2022). Group A plasma (un-titered) is issued for patients with unknown blood type during emergencies. We retrospectively reviewed records and laboratory results of recipients to assess safety and identify possible adverse events related to incompatible plasma.

Results: Between February 2021 and December 2023, 173 emergency plasma requests occurred for 161 patients. Ninety-one occurred with massive transfusion protocol activations. Thirty-six patients (22.4%) were blood group B or AB, and 23 received incompatible plasma (age 0-21.3 years, weight 0.74-149.8 kg, incompatible plasma dose 4.0-428.4 mL/kg). These patients did not have any differences in survival outcomes or hospital lengths of stay (LOS) compared with compatible plasma recipients, mirroring the adult experience. None experienced adverse events related to group A plasma. No transfusion reactions were reported. No increase in wastage/outdate occurred upon thawed plasma implementation (2020 versus 2021 to 2023, 7.73% [133/1721] vs. 8.58% [497/5792], p = .284).

Conclusions: We implemented 5-day group A thawed plasma. Units are rapidly available from the blood bank and trauma code room without increased wastage. We did not identify any transfusion-associated adverse events in pediatric recipients of incompatible group A plasma.