Vicarious facilitation of facial responses to pain: Does the others' expression need to be painful?

IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q1 ANESTHESIOLOGY European Journal of Pain Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI:10.1002/ejp.4709
Peter J Göller, Philipp Reicherts, Stefan Lautenbacher, Miriam Kunz
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Abstract

Introduction: Prior exposure to others' facial expressions of pain can lead to a facilitation of pain responses, including its corresponding response channel, namely facial responses to pain. It has been questioned, however, whether this vicarious pain facilitation occurs only when observing others' pain or whether the observation of other negative expressions can trigger similar facilitation of facial responses to pain. The study aimed to test this, by comparing the impact of viewing others' facial expressions of pain versus another negative expression (sadness) and two control expressions (neutral, happiness) on facial responses to pain.

Method: Participants (N = 56; 31 females), watched short video clips of computer-generated facial expressions (pain, sadness, neutral & happiness) before they received painful and non-painful heat stimuli. Facial responses were analysed using the Facial Action Coding System. In addition, subjective and autonomic responses were assessed.

Results: The prior exposure to others' expressions of pain and sadness versus neutral did not lead to significantly increased facial responses to pain. Likewise, subjective and autonomic pain responses were not facilitated. However, viewing others' expressions of happiness, consistently reduced facial as well as subjective and autonomic responses to pain compared to others' negative or neutral expressions. This dampening effect was not observed for non-painful heat.

Discussion: Facial and other pain responses were most strongly affected by prior exposure to others' facial expressions of happiness, which led to a pain-dampening effect. In contrast, the evidence for vicarious facilitation of pain was rather weak in the present study, with no evidence of pain-specificity.

Significance statement: Facial responses to pain - along with subjective and autonomic responses - are reduced when observing others' expressions of happiness, demonstrating pain modulation by positive affective social signals, which may also transfer to clinical contexts.

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模仿促进对疼痛的面部反应:他人的表情必须是痛苦的吗?
引言事先接触他人痛苦的面部表情会导致对疼痛反应的促进,包括其相应的反应渠道,即对疼痛的面部反应。然而,有人质疑这种替代性疼痛促进是否只发生在观察他人的疼痛时,或者观察其他负面表情是否也会引发类似的面部疼痛反应促进。本研究旨在通过比较观察他人痛苦的面部表情与另一种负面表情(悲伤)和两种对照表情(中性、快乐)对面部疼痛反应的影响来验证这一点:受试者(56 人;31 名女性)在接受疼痛和非疼痛热刺激之前观看了计算机生成的面部表情(疼痛、悲伤、中性和快乐)视频短片。面部反应采用面部动作编码系统进行分析。此外,还对主观反应和自主反应进行了评估:结果:事先接触他人的痛苦和悲伤表情与中性表情相比,并不会导致面部对疼痛的反应显著增加。同样,主观和自主疼痛反应也没有得到促进。然而,与他人的负面或中性表情相比,观看他人的快乐表情会持续减少面部以及主观和自主神经对疼痛的反应。这种抑制作用在非疼痛性热中没有观察到:讨论:面部和其他疼痛反应受先前接触他人快乐表情的影响最大,这导致了疼痛抑制效应。相比之下,在本研究中,替代性疼痛促进作用的证据相当薄弱,没有证据表明疼痛具有特异性:重要意义:当观察他人的幸福表情时,疼痛的面部反应以及主观和自主神经反应都会减弱,这表明积极的情感社交信号对疼痛有调节作用,这种作用也可能转移到临床环境中。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Pain
European Journal of Pain 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
5.60%
发文量
163
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: European Journal of Pain (EJP) publishes clinical and basic science research papers relevant to all aspects of pain and its management, including specialties such as anaesthesia, dentistry, neurology and neurosurgery, orthopaedics, palliative care, pharmacology, physiology, psychiatry, psychology and rehabilitation; socio-economic aspects of pain are also covered. Regular sections in the journal are as follows: • Editorials and Commentaries • Position Papers and Guidelines • Reviews • Original Articles • Letters • Bookshelf The journal particularly welcomes clinical trials, which are published on an occasional basis. Research articles are published under the following subject headings: • Neurobiology • Neurology • Experimental Pharmacology • Clinical Pharmacology • Psychology • Behavioural Therapy • Epidemiology • Cancer Pain • Acute Pain • Clinical Trials.
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