{"title":"Microscopic ferning in human pre-ejaculate is highly correlated with the absence of sperm","authors":"Jasmine Patel , Anita L. Nelson , Brian T. Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.contraception.2024.110557","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We characterize microscopic ferning in pre-ejaculate samples with and without sperm.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Healthy, male, withdrawal-experienced participants provided up to three paired pre-ejaculate and ejaculate samples. We centrifuged ejaculate samples to obtain a supernatant without sperm. After sperm analysis, we dried and evaluated pre-ejaculate, ejaculate, and supernatants for microscopic ferning.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 57 pre-ejaculate samples (<em>N</em> = 24 men), seven (12.3%) contained sperm, none of which exhibited ferning. Sixty-six percent (33/50) of pre-ejaculate samples without sperm exhibited ferning. Neither ejaculate nor supernatant samples exhibited ferning.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ferning may distinguish clinical pre-ejaculate with and without sperm. Ferning exhibited 100% specificity for pre-ejaculate without sperm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10762,"journal":{"name":"Contraception","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 110557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Contraception","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001078242400252X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/8/13 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective
We characterize microscopic ferning in pre-ejaculate samples with and without sperm.
Study design
Healthy, male, withdrawal-experienced participants provided up to three paired pre-ejaculate and ejaculate samples. We centrifuged ejaculate samples to obtain a supernatant without sperm. After sperm analysis, we dried and evaluated pre-ejaculate, ejaculate, and supernatants for microscopic ferning.
Results
Of 57 pre-ejaculate samples (N = 24 men), seven (12.3%) contained sperm, none of which exhibited ferning. Sixty-six percent (33/50) of pre-ejaculate samples without sperm exhibited ferning. Neither ejaculate nor supernatant samples exhibited ferning.
Conclusion
Ferning may distinguish clinical pre-ejaculate with and without sperm. Ferning exhibited 100% specificity for pre-ejaculate without sperm.
期刊介绍：
Contraception has an open access mirror journal Contraception: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review.
The journal Contraception wishes to advance reproductive health through the rapid publication of the best and most interesting new scholarship regarding contraception and related fields such as abortion. The journal welcomes manuscripts from investigators working in the laboratory, clinical and social sciences, as well as public health and health professions education.
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