Retina-Brain Homology: The Correlation Between Ophthalmic or Retinal Artery Occlusion and Ischemic Stroke.

IF 3.1 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Eye and Brain Pub Date : 2024-08-12 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.2147/EB.S454977

Yufeng Yao, Qiyuan Song, Jingnan Zhang, Yingying Wen, Xiaoyan Dou

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Abstract

The retina's similar structure and function to the brain make it a unique visual "window" for studying cerebral disorders. Ophthalmic artery occlusion (OAO) or retinal artery occlusion (RAO) is a severe ophthalmic emergency that significantly affects visual acuity. Studies have demonstrated that patients with OAO or RAO face a notably higher risk of future acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, ophthalmologists often overlook multidisciplinary approach involving the neurologist, to evaluate the risk of AIS and devise clinical treatment strategies for patients with OAO or RAO. Unlike the successful use of thrombolysis in AIS, the application of thrombolysis for OAO or RAO remains limited and controversial due to insufficient reliable evidence. In this review, we aim to summarize the anatomical and functional connections between the retina and the brain, and the clinical connection between OAO or RAO and AIS, compare and review recent advances in the effectiveness and safety of intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolysis therapy in patients with OAO or RAO, and discuss future research directions for OAO or RAO. Our goal is to advance the development of multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment strategies for the disease, as well as to establish expedited pathways or thrombolysis guidelines for vascular intervention.

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视网膜-大脑同源性：眼部或视网膜动脉闭塞与缺血性中风之间的相关性。

视网膜的结构和功能与大脑相似，因此是研究大脑疾病的独特视觉 "窗口"。眼动脉闭塞（OAO）或视网膜动脉闭塞（RAO）是一种严重影响视力的眼科急症。研究表明，OAO 或 RAO 患者未来发生急性缺血性中风（AIS）的风险明显更高。然而，眼科医生往往忽视了神经科医生参与的多学科方法，以评估急性缺血性中风的风险，并为 OAO 或 RAO 患者制定临床治疗策略。与溶栓治疗 AIS 的成功应用不同，由于缺乏足够的可靠证据，溶栓治疗 OAO 或 RAO 的应用仍然有限且存在争议。在这篇综述中，我们旨在总结视网膜与大脑之间的解剖和功能联系，以及 OAO 或 RAO 与 AIS 之间的临床联系，比较和回顾最近在 OAO 或 RAO 患者静脉和动脉内溶栓治疗的有效性和安全性方面的进展，并讨论 OAO 或 RAO 的未来研究方向。我们的目标是推动该疾病的多学科诊断和治疗策略的发展，并为血管干预建立快速通道或溶栓指南。

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来源期刊

Eye and Brain OPHTHALMOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.90

自引率

2.30%

发文量

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： Eye and Brain is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal focusing on basic research, clinical findings, and expert reviews in the field of visual science and neuro-ophthalmology. The journal’s unique focus is the link between two well-known visual centres, the eye and the brain, with an emphasis on the importance of such connections. All aspects of clinical and especially basic research on the visual system are addressed within the journal as well as significant future directions in vision research and therapeutic measures. This unique journal focuses on neurological aspects of vision – both physiological and pathological. The scope of the journal spans from the cornea to the associational visual cortex and all the visual centers in between. Topics range from basic biological mechanisms to therapeutic treatment, from simple organisms to humans, and utilizing techniques from molecular biology to behavior. The journal especially welcomes primary research articles or review papers that make the connection between the eye and the brain. Specific areas covered in the journal include: Physiology and pathophysiology of visual centers, Eye movement disorders and strabismus, Cellular, biochemical, and molecular features of the visual system, Structural and functional organization of the eye and of the visual cortex, Metabolic demands of the visual system, Diseases and disorders with neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, Clinical and experimental neuro-ophthalmology and visual system pathologies, Epidemiological studies.