{"title":"Design and experiment results of HL-3 baking system","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.fusengdes.2024.114619","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>HL-3 is a tokamak device constructed in 2020 and it has achieved remarkable results in a short period of time. Baking is an important way to obtain a high vacuum required for plasma discharge in tokamak devices. A nitrogen gas closed-circuit reheat baking system is utilized to concurrently bake the vacuum vessel (VV) and the lower divertor of HL-3. So far, three rounds of baking experiments have been carried out, with vacuum pressure up to 1.8 × 10<sup>–6</sup> Pa and the results from the mass spectrometer indicated that the amount of compounds were greatly reduced in the residual gas. Besides the design description and experimental results of HL-3 baking system, this paper also introduces a simulation-based solution for addressing the issue of the lower divertor temperature being significantly lower than that of the VV after baking to the high temperature stage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55133,"journal":{"name":"Fusion Engineering and Design","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fusion Engineering and Design","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920379624004708","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
HL-3 is a tokamak device constructed in 2020 and it has achieved remarkable results in a short period of time. Baking is an important way to obtain a high vacuum required for plasma discharge in tokamak devices. A nitrogen gas closed-circuit reheat baking system is utilized to concurrently bake the vacuum vessel (VV) and the lower divertor of HL-3. So far, three rounds of baking experiments have been carried out, with vacuum pressure up to 1.8 × 10–6 Pa and the results from the mass spectrometer indicated that the amount of compounds were greatly reduced in the residual gas. Besides the design description and experimental results of HL-3 baking system, this paper also introduces a simulation-based solution for addressing the issue of the lower divertor temperature being significantly lower than that of the VV after baking to the high temperature stage.
期刊介绍：
The journal accepts papers about experiments (both plasma and technology), theory, models, methods, and designs in areas relating to technology, engineering, and applied science aspects of magnetic and inertial fusion energy. Specific areas of interest include: MFE and IFE design studies for experiments and reactors; fusion nuclear technologies and materials, including blankets and shields; analysis of reactor plasmas; plasma heating, fuelling, and vacuum systems; drivers, targets, and special technologies for IFE, controls and diagnostics; fuel cycle analysis and tritium reprocessing and handling; operations and remote maintenance of reactors; safety, decommissioning, and waste management; economic and environmental analysis of components and systems.
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