Unveiling the Transmission Potential of Opisthorchis viverrini and Intestinal Helminths Along the Thailand-Laos Border in Thailand

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Zoonoses and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI:10.1111/zph.13177

Veerachai Thitapakorn, Teva Phanaksri, Siraphatsorn Yusuk, Montinee Pholhelm, Opal Pitaksakulrat, Jutharat Kulsantiwong, Thanakrit Sathavornmanee, Anthicha Kunjantarachot, Thittinan Rojthongpond, Yanwadee Chitkoolsamphan, Sattrachai Prasopdee

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Abstract

Aims

In pursuit of enhancing prevention efforts for the notably high endemic Opisthorchis viverrini infection in lower Mekong sub-region countries, particularly Thailand and Laos, this cross-sectional study investigated the transmission potential of O. viverrini and other intestinal helminths along the Thailand-Laos border in seven Thai villages.

Methods and Results

Human and pet faecal samples, Bithynia snails and cyprinid fish were analysed for helminth infections. Additionally, a questionnaire survey assessed relevant risk factors among the human population. Two groups of helminth infections were detected in humans: foodborne infections (FBIs) including O. viverrini, minute intestinal flukes (MIFs), and Taenia spp., and soil-transmitted infections (STIs) including hookworm and Strongyloides stercoralis, with prevalence rates of 7.4%, 0.5%, 2.5%, 0.5%, 2.5% and 3%, respectively. Smoking was identified as a risk factor for O. viverrini infection [adjusted odds ratios (ORa) = 3.12, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.33–7.30, p = 0.009] and FBIs (ORa = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.14–5.33, p = 0.022), while male was a risk factor for FBIs (ORa = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.16–5.94, p = 0.021). In dogs, hookworm, Toxocara spp., Spirometra mansoni, Trichuris vulpis and Hymenolepis diminuta were identified with prevalence rates of 35.6%, 8.1%, 8.1%, 1.2% and 1.2%, respectively. In cats, hookworm, Toxocara spp., S. mansoni, Strongyloides spp., Platynosomum fastosum, MIFs and H. diminuta were identified with prevalence rates of 50%, 17.9%, 10.7%, 7.1%, 3.6%, 3.6% and 3.6%, respectively. Bithynia snails showed 2% virgulate and 0.7% unknown cercariae infections, while among 19 cyprinid fish species, only unknown metacercariae were found.

Conclusions

Our findings underscore the necessity of an integrated approach following the One Health concept to effectively combat these parasitic diseases while addressing human, animal and environmental health.

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揭示泰国-老挝边境上的肝包虫（Opisthorchis viverrini）和肠道蠕虫的传播潜力。

目的：为了加强对湄公河下游次区域国家（尤其是泰国和老挝）流行性极高的Opisthorchis viverrini感染的预防工作，本横断面研究调查了泰国-老挝边境七个村庄中Opisthorchis viverrini和其他肠道蠕虫的传播潜力：方法和结果：对人类和宠物的粪便样本、Bithynia 蜗牛和青鱼进行了蠕虫感染分析。此外，还通过问卷调查评估了人类的相关风险因素。在人类中发现了两类蠕虫感染：食源性感染（FBI），包括卵圆线虫、微小肠吸虫和陶氏虫；以及土壤传播感染（STI），包括钩虫和盘尾丝虫，感染率分别为 7.4%、0.5%、2.5%、0.5%、2.5% 和 3%。吸烟被认为是O. viverrini感染[调整后的几率比（ORa）= 3.12，95% 置信区间（CI）：1.33-7.30，p = 0.009]和FBIs（ORa = 2.47，95% CI：1.14-5.33，p = 0.022）的风险因素，而男性是FBIs（ORa = 2.62，95% CI：1.16-5.94，p = 0.021）的风险因素。在狗中，钩虫、弓形虫属、曼氏螺旋体、秃毛滴虫和小圆线虫的感染率分别为 35.6%、8.1%、8.1%、1.2% 和 1.2%。在猫中，发现了钩虫、弓形虫属、曼氏钩虫、强直丝虫属、快速板线虫、MIFs 和 H. diminuta，流行率分别为 50%、17.9%、10.7%、7.1%、3.6%、3.6% 和 3.6%。在 19 种鲤科鱼类中，只发现了未知的蛔虫：我们的研究结果表明，有必要按照 "一个健康 "的理念采取综合方法，在解决人类、动物和环境健康问题的同时，有效防治这些寄生虫病。

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来源期刊

Zoonoses and Public Health 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

4.20%

发文量

115

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Zoonoses and Public Health brings together veterinary and human health researchers and policy-makers by providing a venue for publishing integrated and global approaches to zoonoses and public health. The Editors will consider papers that focus on timely collaborative and multi-disciplinary research in zoonoses and public health. This journal provides rapid publication of original papers, reviews, and potential discussion papers embracing this collaborative spirit. Papers should advance the scientific knowledge of the sources, transmission, prevention and control of zoonoses and be authored by scientists with expertise in areas such as microbiology, virology, parasitology and epidemiology. Articles that incorporate recent data into new methods, applications, or approaches (e.g. statistical modeling) which enhance public health are strongly encouraged.